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Master the Boards > OG > Flashcards

OG Flashcards

1
Q

embryo

A

fertilization to 8 weeks

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2
Q

fetus

A

8 weeks to birth

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3
Q

developmental age

A

number of days since fertilization

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4
Q

gestational age

A

number of days/weeks since LMP

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5
Q

naegle rule

A

subtract 3 months, add 7 days

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6
Q

first trimester dates

A

12 weeks DA

14 weeks GA

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7
Q

second trimester dates

A

24 weeks DA

26 weeks GA

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8
Q

pre-viable

A

born before 24 weeks

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9
Q

post term

A

greater than 42 weeks

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10
Q

F-PAL

A

full term
preterm
abortions
living children

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11
Q

goodell sign

A

FIRST sign of pregnancy,
4 weeks
= softening of the cervix

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12
Q

ladin sign

A

softening of the midline of the uterus,

6 weeks

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13
Q

chadwick sign

A

blue discolouration of vagina and cervix

6-8 weeks

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14
Q

when does palmar erythema present

A

first trimester

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15
Q

when does chloasma present

A

16 weeks

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16
Q

when does linea nigra present

A

second trimester

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17
Q

US in pregnancy

A

CONFIRMS INTRAUTERINE

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18
Q

PREGNANCY=

A

beta hCG greater than 1500 OR

5 weeks= gestational sac on ultrasound

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19
Q

morning sickness caused by

A

increase in estrogen, progesterone, hCG

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20
Q

other GI complication of pregnancy

A

constipation

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21
Q

renal in pregnancy

A

INCREASE GFR–> decrease BUN/cr

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22
Q

haem in pregnancy

A
  • anaemia

- hypercoagulable

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23
Q

most accurate way of establishing gestational age at 11-14 weeks

A

ULTRASOUND

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24
Q

triple screen

A

MSAFP, estriol, beta hCG

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25
Q

quad screen

A

+ INHIBIN A

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26
Q

triple and quad screening done when

A

15-20 weeks

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27
Q

after 36 weeks how often does the mum come to see the doctor

A

every week

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28
Q

braxton hicks that are continued

A

CHECK THE CERVIX

since real contractions will have a dilated cervix, vs. BH contractions= closed cervix

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29
Q

CBC done when

A

27 weeks,

if Hb less than 11 replace iron orally

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30
Q

glucose load

A

24-28 weeks, fasting or non fasting ingestion of 50g glucose and serum glucose checked 1 hr later

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31
Q

glucose tolerance test

A

FBG, 100g glucose and serum glucose check 1,2,3hrs

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32
Q

GDM if….

A

either glucose load or GTT is positive

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33
Q

postive glucose load

A

glucose greater than 140 send for OGTT

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34
Q

if gave them pregnant woman iron—>

A

give stool softener

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35
Q

CVS done during

A

10-13wks

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36
Q

Amniocentesis done during

A

11-14wks

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37
Q

strongest risk factor for ectopic pregnancy

A

PREVIOUS HISTORY of ectopic

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38
Q

contraindications to MTX

A
  1. immmunosuppressed
  2. liver disease
  3. non compliant
  4. greater than or equal to 3.5cm
  5. fetal heart
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39
Q

MCC spontaneous abortions

A

chromosomal abnormalities

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40
Q

work up for spontaneous miscarriage

A
  • CBC
  • blood type– RH
  • US*******
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41
Q

what must be done for a miscarriage

A

ULTRASOUND– to determine what type of misacarriage

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42
Q

missed miscarriage

A

death of fetus, but all products of conception present in uterus

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43
Q

tx of threatened abrtion

A

bed rest,

pelvic rest

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44
Q

septic abortion

A

infection of uterus and surrounding areas

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45
Q

medical tx of misacarriages

A

PGE1 to dilate cervix for expulsion of products

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46
Q

when to stop delivery if….

A

24-33 EGA

600-2500g

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47
Q

when to deliver

A

34-37 EGA

greater than 2500g

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48
Q

list of conditions where you should NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT stop with tocolytics

A
  • PET/ eclampsia
  • maternal cardiac disease
  • greater than 4 cm cervical dilation
  • maternal haemorrhage
  • fetal death
  • chorioamnionitis
49
Q

most commonly used tocolytic

A

magnesium sulfate

50
Q

side effects of magnesium sulfate

A
  • RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

and cardiac arrest— thus nb to check DTRs often

51
Q

commonly used tocolytics

A
  • magnesium sulfate
  • CCBs
  • terbutaline
  • NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT indomethacin
52
Q

preterm fetuses WITHOUT chorioamnionitis

A

tx= betamethasone

53
Q

what type of US for placenta previa

A

TRANSABDOMINAL

54
Q

complete previa

A

completely covers the internal cervical os

55
Q

partial previa

A

partially covers the internal cervical os

56
Q

marginal previa

A

on the MARGIN, adjacent to internal os, touching the edge of os

57
Q

low lying placenta

A

NOT covering the internal os– more than 0cm, but less than 2cm away; implanted in the lower uterine segment

58
Q

tx for placenta previa

A

STRICT PELVIC REST– NOTHING INTO VAGINA

59
Q

risk factors for abruption

A
  • HTN
  • previous hx
  • cocaine
  • external trauma
  • smoking
60
Q

MCC DIC in pregnancy

A

placenta abruption

61
Q

complications of concealed placental abruption

A
  • DIC
  • uterine tetany
  • fetal hypoxia
  • fetal death
  • sheehan syndrome
62
Q

tx of uterine rupture

A

LAPAROTOMY ASAP– since baby could be outside of the uterus floating around in the abdomen

63
Q

gestational HTN

A

bp greater than 140/90mmHg without proteinuria or edema

64
Q

mild preclampsia

A

greater than 140/90
dipstick 1+-2+
24hr urine greater than 300mg

65
Q

edema in mild PET

A

hands, feet, face

66
Q

edema in severe PET

A

GENERALIZED

67
Q

32-36 weeks test needed

A

NST: fetal well being
US: fetal size

68
Q

greater than 36 weeks test needed

A

twice weekly testing
1 NST
1 BPP: AF and fetal well being

69
Q

37 weeks test needed

A

L/S ratio

70
Q

38-39 weeks if patient refuses L/S ratio

A

NO TEST– INDUCE LABOUR

71
Q

tx for GDM

A

diet and exercise

do NOT NOT NOT NOT tell them to lose weight

72
Q

macrosomia, when should US be done

A

if fundal height is greater than 3cm

73
Q

earl deceleration

A

decrease in HR that occurs with contractions

HEAD COMPRESSION

74
Q

variable decelerations

A

decrease in HR and return to baseline with no relationship to contractions
UMBILICAL CORD COMPRESSION

75
Q

late decelerations

A

decrease in HR after contraction started. no return to baseline until contractions ends
FETAL HYPOXIA

76
Q

lightening

A

fetal descent into pelvic brim

77
Q

stage 1

A

labor–> cervical dilation

primi: 6-18hrs
multi: 2-10hrs

78
Q

latent phase

A

labor–> 4cm

primi: 6-7hrs
multi: 4-5hrs

79
Q

active phase

A

4cm–> full

primi: 1cm/hr
multi: 1.2cm/hr

80
Q

stage 2

A

cervical dilation–> delivery neonate

primi: 30-3hrs
multi: 5-30 minutes

81
Q

stage 3

A

delivery neonate–> delivery placenta

30 minutes

82
Q

what not to give asthmatic pregnant women

A

PROSTAGLANDINS–> bronchospasm

83
Q

protracted cervical dilation causes

A

3P’s

  • power: strength and frequency of uterine contractions
  • passenger: size and position of fetus
  • passage: passenger larger than pelvis= cpd
84
Q

TX OF cpd

A

CS

85
Q

arrest disorders

A
  • cervical dilation

- fetal descent

86
Q

cervical dilation arrest

A

no cervical dilation for past 2 hrs

87
Q

fetal descent arrest

A

no fetal descent for 1 hour

88
Q

frank breech

A

hips F

knees E

89
Q

complete breech

A

hips F

knees F

90
Q

footling breech

A

feet first

  • complete= both feet
  • incomplete= 1 foot
91
Q

up until what point is it okay for baby to be breech

A

36 weeks

92
Q

PPH extra side note

A

assure there is no rupture of the uterus

93
Q

premenstural dysphoric disorder

A

PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER

94
Q

vaginal diaphragm…

A

USELESS without the jelly
6hrs before
6hrs after

95
Q

labial fusion

A

21 beta hydroxylase deficiency

  • excess androgens
  • reconstructive surgery
96
Q

chronic irritation of vulva with hyperkeratosis (Raised white lesion)

A

squamous cell hyperplasia

97
Q

tx squamous cell hyperplasia of vulva

A

sitz baths or lubricants

98
Q

PC bartholins

A
  • PAIN PAIN PAIN

- dyspareunia

99
Q

tx bartholins

A

incision and drainage

–> MARSUPIALIZATION= allow the space to remain open

100
Q

bilateral pagets of vulva

A

radical vulvectomy

101
Q

unilteral pagets of vulva

A

modified vulvectomy

102
Q

PC SCC of vulva

A

PRURITUS

103
Q

stage 0 SCC vulva

A

CIS

104
Q

stage 1 SCC vulva

A

vaginal wall, less than 2 cm

105
Q

stage 2 SCC vulva

A

vulva or perineum more than 2 cm

106
Q

stage 3 SCC vulva

A

tumor spreading to lower urethra or anus, unilateral lymph nodes present

107
Q

stage 4 SCC vulva

A

tumor invasion into bladder, rectum, or bilateral lymph nodes

108
Q

stage 4a SCC vulva

A

distant mets

109
Q

unilateral LNs SCC vulva tx

A

modified radical vulvectomy

110
Q

bilateral LNs SCC vulva tx

A

radical vulvectomy

111
Q

PC adenomyosis

A
  • dysmenorrhea

- menorrhagia

112
Q

dx of adenomyosis

A

CLINICAL

- large, globular, boggy uterus

113
Q

most accurate dx of adenomyosis

A

MRI

114
Q

definitive dx of adenomyosis

A

hyterectomy

115
Q

tx of adenomyosis

A

HYSTERECTOMY

116
Q

rf for endometriosis

A

FDR with endometriosis

117
Q

pain in endometriosis

A

cyclical– 1-2 weeks before menses

118
Q

exam for endometriosis

A

nodular uterus and adnexal mass

119
Q

SE’s danazol

A
  • acene
  • oily skin
  • weight gain
  • hirsuitism

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