Offender profiling: bottom up approach

Question 1

Bottom up approach

Answer 1

Profilers work up from evidence collected from the crime scene to develop hypotheses about the likely characteristics, motivations and social backgrounds of the offender.

Question 2

What are the two main types of Bottom up profiling

Answer 2

Investigative psychology

Geographical profiling

Question 3

Investigative psychology

Answer 3

Establishes patterns of behaviour forming a statistical ‘database’. This info can be matched against the database to reveal important details about the offender

or u can say

Investigative psychology has three parts to it which allow it to reveal important details about the offender

Question 4

What are the 3 parts to the Investigative psychology

Answer 4

Interpersonal coherence
Significance of time and place (important in geo profiling )
Forensic awareness

Question 5

Interpersonal coherence

Answer 5

Offender’s behaviour at crime scene reflects their everyday behaviour and thus is a clue.

Question 6

Forensic awareness

Answer 6

Individuals who have been the subject of police interrogation before ‘cover their tracks’.

Question 7

Geographical Profiling

Answer 7

Developed by Rossmo
Uses information of location linked to the crime scene to make inferences about the home or operational base of an offender. (crime Mapping)

Can also be used to create hypotheses about how the offender is thinking and their modus operandi.

Question 8

What does geographical profiling help us to do

Answer 8

Helps investigators make educated guesses about where the offender is likely to strike next- Called the jeopardy surface.

Question 9

Canter’s circle theory

Answer 9

proposed two models of offending behaviour:

The marauder:
Offender operates in close proximity to their home base.

Commuter:
The offender is likely to have travelled a distance away from their usual residence.