Oedema Flashcards
What equation has to be unequal for oedema to occur?
Starlings equation
What is ascites ?
fluid collection in the abdomen
Describe Transudates
- low protein content (therefore not permeability as protein can’t escape the vessel)
- usually bi lateral
- due to change in the forces acting in the vessel
- no change to the permeability of the vessel
- low gravity specific
What can cause transudates?
cardiac failure
fluid overload
high BP
Describe exudates
- high protein content
- usually uni lateral
- due to a change in the permeability of the membrane of the vessel
- proteins can leak out of the vessel, decreasing the oncotic pressure and hence pulling water out into the ECF and causes swelling and oedema
- high gravity specific
What can cause exudates ?
acute inflammation
tumour formation
damage to the endothelium
Name the six types of oedema and state which one is exudate
pulmonary oedema peripheral oedema lymphatic blockage abnormal renal function resulting in oedema low protein oedema permeability oedema - exudate
What force increases in the majority of these types to cause oedema to form?
hydrostatic force
What type of injury can cause exudates to form
a burn
Give three examples which can cause low protein oedema
malnutrition hepatic cirrhosis (liver) nephrotic syndrome (kidneys)
lower oncotic pressure so less water in pulled into the vessels
What abnormal renal function would result in an increased hydrostatic force?
increased retention of salt which would increase the rate reabsorbed and increase the hydrostatic force