Oedema Flashcards

1
Q

What equation has to be unequal for oedema to occur?

A

Starlings equation

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2
Q

What is ascites ?

A

fluid collection in the abdomen

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3
Q

Describe Transudates

A
  • low protein content (therefore not permeability as protein can’t escape the vessel)
  • usually bi lateral
  • due to change in the forces acting in the vessel
  • no change to the permeability of the vessel
  • low gravity specific
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4
Q

What can cause transudates?

A

cardiac failure
fluid overload
high BP

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5
Q

Describe exudates

A
  • high protein content
  • usually uni lateral
  • due to a change in the permeability of the membrane of the vessel
  • proteins can leak out of the vessel, decreasing the oncotic pressure and hence pulling water out into the ECF and causes swelling and oedema
  • high gravity specific
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6
Q

What can cause exudates ?

A

acute inflammation
tumour formation
damage to the endothelium

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7
Q

Name the six types of oedema and state which one is exudate

A
pulmonary oedema 
peripheral oedema 
lymphatic blockage 
abnormal renal function resulting in oedema 
low protein oedema 
permeability oedema - exudate
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8
Q

What force increases in the majority of these types to cause oedema to form?

A

hydrostatic force

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9
Q

What type of injury can cause exudates to form

A

a burn

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10
Q

Give three examples which can cause low protein oedema

A
malnutrition 
hepatic cirrhosis (liver)
nephrotic syndrome (kidneys)

lower oncotic pressure so less water in pulled into the vessels

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11
Q

What abnormal renal function would result in an increased hydrostatic force?

A

increased retention of salt which would increase the rate reabsorbed and increase the hydrostatic force

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