Odisha Coast - Coast

Question 1

Where is Odisha

Answer 1

East coast

Bordering the Bay of Bengal

Question 2

Shape of the coastline

Answer 2

Straight (480km) with few natural inlets or harbours

Question 3

Where is most of the states population

Answer 3

On the Odisha coastal plain

Question 4

What wide variety of Maine and coastal flora and fauna are in the coastal zone

Answer 4

Mangroves
Sea grasses
Salt marshes
Sand dunes
Estuaries
Lagoons

Question 5

How much mangrove is there

Answer 5

1435km

Question 6

What are the three main features

Answer 6

Chilika Lake
Mahandi Delta
Bhitarkanita mangroves

Question 7

How many types of birds are in the bird sanctuary of Chilika Lake

Answer 7

150 migratory and resident species (attracts tourists who also visits the beach)

Question 8

What does the coast represent

Answer 8

A significant sediment store and is a source and sink of sediment for this part of the Bay of Bengal

Question 9

What do rivers provide

Answer 9

Important transfers of sediment into the region in forming deltaic deposits

Question 10

What is Chilika Lake classed as

Answer 10

A salty lagoon

Question 11

What are there large stocks of in Chilika Lake

Answer 11

Fish and Olive Ridley turtles

Question 12

What are many local people employed in

Answer 12

Coastal fishing and increasingly in aquaculture such as shrimps

Question 13

What is the geology along the coast

Answer 13

Sediment contains valuable minerals, including clay and limestone in the north state which is used by local industies

Question 14

What are there opportunities for in Odisha

Answer 14

Offshore oil and natural gas and the area has a huge potential for offshore wind, tidal and wave power

Question 15

Why has rates of erosion increased in recent decades

Answer 15

As a result of natural processes and a consequence of human intervention

Question 16

What is the Indian government concerned about

Answer 16

Vulnerability of coastal populations to storm surges and tsunamis and long-term threats of climate change and sea levels rise

Question 17

What is the coastal considered to be

Answer 17

A dynamic environment

Question 18

How do natural seasonal variations occur

Answer 18

In summer: build up of sediment along beaches, dunes and barrier beaches during low energy wave conditions.

In winter: erosion with high energy destructive waves depositing sediment offshore.

Question 19

Who carried out the 2011 Shoreline Change Assessmnent

Answer 19

Ministry of Environment and Forests

Question 20

What did the 2011 Shoreline Change Assessnwbt conclude

Answer 20

That any attempt to halt the natural processes with hard engineering structures was likely to only shift the problems elsewhere

Question 21

How much of the coastline was found to be stable by the 2011 Shoreline Change Assessment

Answer 21

14.4%

Question 22

What does the unstable coastline mean

Answer 22

That any human intervention is likely to interfere with sediment transfers and result in severe erosion in some localities

Question 23

What is the Odisha coast at risk from

Answer 23

Tropical cyclones and storm surges - it is likely that the frequency and intensity of such storms will increase as a result of climate change

Question 24

Examples of cyclones

Answer 24

1999 Odisha Cyclone

2013 Cyclone Phallin

Question 25

What was the strongest Cyclone ever recorded in the northern Indian Ocean

Answer 25

Odisha Cyclone

Question 26

How many people did the Odisha Cyclone kill

Answer 26

1000

Question 27

How much agricultural land was lost during the Cyclone Phallin

Answer 27

500,000ha

Question 28

During Cyclone Phallin how did Chilika Lake suffer

Answer 28

It suffered a storm surge that destroyed thousands of mangroves

Question 29

Why are plans in place along the coastline

Answer 29

To mitigate the effects of tropical storms

Question 30

Before Cyclone Odisha how many people were evacuated

Answer 30

1 million

Question 31

What are the human responses to the challenges

Answer 31

Evacuation. Relief supplies provided before storms. Warnings are broadcast to most vulnerable areas. Local people also show considerable resilience in their ability to adapt to changing circumstances. Additional cyclone shelters have been built to offer greater protection to local communities.

Question 32

What was the response to the 2011 Shoreline Change Assessment

Answer 32

Developed an ICZM project to coordinate the activities of various stakeholders and promote sustainable use of coasts resources while maintains the natural environment.

Question 33

What do the stakeholders in Odisha include

Answer 33

State and local government. Tourist department. The world Bank. Handicraft industies.

Question 34

What was the aims of Odisha ICZM

Answer 34

Protect the coastal environment. Resource environmental, social and economic challenges and conflicts. Establish sustainable levels of economic and social activity, including fishing and the development of ecotourism.

Question 35

What has there been a wide range of consultations from

Answer 35

Public consultations and inter-organisational consultations

Question 36

What two NGOs are there working towards resilience, mitigation and adaption of the coast

Answer 36

Greenpeace India | Wetlands International

Question 37

What has Greenpeace India been involved in

Answer 37

Meetings about income generation and the management of marine resources

Question 38

Who is the Wetlands International working with

Answer 38

The Indian government and local villagers

Question 39

What is Wetlands International trying to do

Answer 39

Reverse decades of mangrove destruction in the Mahandi delta. Work with villagers to cultivate and plant mangroves along the coastline and on the banks of tidal rivers.

Question 40

Why is the Mahandi Delta important

Answer 40

It is an important ecological zone that provides natural habitats for a wide variety of wildlife

Question 41

What do Mangroves provide

Answer 41

Protective belts that shelter villages from the worst effects of tropical storms.

Question 42

What is planting mangroves with locals an example of

Answer 42

Sustainable and appropriate coastal management