Ocular Antimicrobials

Question 1

tear washout

Answer 1

solutions > suspensions > ointments

Question 2

ointment problem with other drugs

Answer 2

impede delivery of other drugs

Question 3

ointment contraindication

Answer 3

globe perforation (or impending)

Question 4

suspension administration

Answer 4

shake before

Question 5

preservatives in eye medications

Answer 5

almost all, can cause toxicity or hypersensitivity

Question 6

topical application most useful for

Answer 6

eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, +/- anterior segment

Question 7

systemic administration most useful for

Answer 7

orbital disease, posterior/anterior segment disease

Question 8

subconjunctival injections useful for

Answer 8

patients that topical treatments aren’t possible

Question 9

diseases treated topically

Answer 9

corneal ulcers, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, post-op

Question 10

diseases treated systemically

Answer 10

anterior uveitis, chorioretinitis, endophthalmitis, orbital cellulitis/abscess, post-op

Question 11

components of triple antibiotic

Answer 11

neomycin, polymyxin B, bacitracin/gramicidin

Question 12

common uses of chloramphenicol

Answer 12

ulcerative keratitis, conjunctivitis in cats

Question 13

beta lactams useful for

Answer 13

orbital disease/abscess

Question 14

fluoroquinolone useful for

Answer 14

severe corneal infections, routine use discouraged

Question 15

systemic concerns for fluoroquinolones

Answer 15

retinal degeneration in cats

Question 16

tetracyclines useful for

Answer 16

infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis, feline conjunctivitis, tick-borne disease (systemic)

Question 17

macrolides useful for

Answer 17

feline conjunctivitis, infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

Question 18

keratomycosis problem in

Answer 18

horse

Question 19

commonly used antifungals compounded topically

Answer 19

voriconazole, miconazole

Question 20

antiviral agents useful for

Answer 20

equine/feline herpesvirus

Question 21

valacyclovir contraindication

Answer 21

cat

Question 22

cidofovir administered

Answer 22

topically

Question 23

famciclovir administered

Answer 23

orally

Question 24

topical corticosteroids useful for

Answer 24

conjunctivitis, keratitis, anterior uveitis

Question 25

contraindications for topical corticosteroid use

Answer 25

ulcerative keratitis (corneal infection), concern for systemic absorption

Question 26

corticosteroid solubility to penetrate corneal epithelium

Answer 26

lipid soluble, acetate/alcohol

Question 27

anterior uveitis treatment

Answer 27

prednisolone acetate, dexamethasone alcohol suspension

Question 28

difluprednate useful for

Answer 28

severe posterior segment disease

Question 29

topical non-penetrating corticosteroids useful for

Answer 29

immune-mediated non-ulcerative keratitis, allergic/follicular conjunctivitis

Question 30

topical NSAIDs useful for

Answer 30

inflammatory disorders: mild anterior uveitis, +/- allergic conjunctivitis

Question 31

calcineurin inhibitors useful for

Answer 31

KCS, immune-mediated conditions

Question 32

calcineurin inhibitor mechanism

Answer 32

T-cell inhibitors

Question 33

treatment of KCS

Answer 33

cyclosporine A or tacrolimus

Question 34

allergic conjunctivitis treatment

Answer 34

ketotifen, olopatadine

Question 35

equine recurrent uveitis treatment

Answer 35

cyclosporine, implant?