OCR A Level GL - 2. OCR A Level GL 2.1b GL are influenced by a range of Physical Factors

Question 1

How do physical factors influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 1

1. influence the way processes work, which in turn 2. influences the shaping of the landscape

Question 2

What are the key climatic factors influencing glaciated landscapes?

Answer 2

1. Wind 2. Precipitation 3. Temperature

Question 3

What are the key geological factors that influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 3

1. lithology 2. structure

Question 4

What is lithology?

Answer 4

The physical and chemical composition of rocks

Question 5

What are the characteristics of clay?

Answer 5

1. Weak lithology as the bonds between particles are weak 2. Little resistance to erosion, weathering and mass movements 3. Consequently, likely to be found in fluvio-glacial deposits

Question 6

What are the characteristics of basalt?

Answer 6

1. Strong lithology as it is made of dense, interlocking crystals 2. Highly resistant to erosion, weathering and mass movements. 3. Consequently, likely to form prominent landforms such as aretes and pyramidal peaks

Question 7

What are the characteristics of limestone?

Answer 7

1. Made predominantly from calcium carbonate 2. Soluble to weak acids and so vulnerable to chemical weathering such as carbonation

Question 8

What does the structure of rock concern?

Answer 8

1. Properties of rock - jointing, bedding and faulting 2. Permeability of rock 3. Angle of dip of rocks -

Question 9

In what ways does high latitude influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 9

The Arctic and Antarctic circles have cold, dry climates with little seasonal variation. These landscapes build up over very long periods of time, forming ice sheets.

Question 10

In what ways does altitude influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 10

The Rocky Mountains and Himalayas are dynamic landscapes because they have high precipitation inputs but also more variable temperatures, resulting in summer melting.

Question 11

In what ways does relief influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 11

steeper relief means greater force of gravity therefore more energy to move downslope

Question 12

What is aspect?

Answer 12

The direction in which a slope faces

Question 13

In what ways does aspect influence glaciated landscapes?

Answer 13

Slopes that face away from the sun: Less solar radiation received Temperatures likely to remain below 0 degrees C for longer Less melting This will mean that these slopes are likely to have: positive mass balance - larger accumulations of ice more erosive power. The opposite is true for slopes that face towards the sun