Ocean Acidifciation Flashcards
What causes ocean acidificaiton?
Increasing CO2 ppm and increased CO2 dissolution in sea water.
What does warming induce of the ocean?
Stratifcation and Anoxic zones
Anoxic Zones
Where O2 levels become so depleted due to decreased O2 solubility.
Why does O2 solubility decrease?
Increasing temperatures.
How are dead zones formed?
Over enrichment depletes dissolved oxygen in coasts, excessively promoting primarty production, with elevated respiration.
How much of global photosynthetic carbon fixation is by marine organisms?
Half
What are the most prominent ocean carbon fixators?
Microalgae and Cyanobacteria.
What does increasing CO2 uptaked do the the ocean?
Increases variability of CO2 species conecntrations of the dissolved ions.
What does H20 + CO2 form?
Bicarbonate and H ions
Bicarbonate
HCO3
What results from water and CO2 mixing?
Increased hydrogen ion concentration, and lowering of carbonate ion concentraiton.
Carbonate ions
CO3^2
What does H + CO3^2 form?
Bicarbonate
Why are varying chemical compositions bad for marine organisms?
Different organisms have different chemical requirements of CO2, carbonate and bicarbonate.
CaCO3 saturation state
This measures potential of seawater to corrode CaCO3 shells and skeletons of marine organisms
Why does CaCO3 saturation state decrease with increasing CO2?
CaCO3 is dependent on carbonate ions, which decreases with increasing CO2.
How does increased calcification decrease ocean acidifcaiton?
Decreased carbonate ions.
What is an example of a benefit of increased CO2?
Thalassisira weissfloggi has faster particulate carbon production rate, as a coastal species.
How might reduced oxygen have little effect on species?
Algae have CO2 concentration mechanisms that maintain high CO2/O2 ratios at Rubisco.
How has hypoxic boundarya changed in the ocean?
Shoaled from 400 to 300m with significant O2 decrase
Shoaling
Incident wave deformation on lower shoreface, when water depth becomes less than half the wavelength causing steeper waves.
