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Climate Change - Ocean/Terrestial > Ecology - Zooplankton > Flashcards

Ecology - Zooplankton Flashcards

1
Q

Zooplankton

A

Defined as small aquatic invertebrates living in water columns of lakes or slow-moving streams.

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2
Q

Rotifers

A

Free-living planktonic pseudocoelomates characterised by as wheel of cilia called a corona at the anterior end

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3
Q

Where do rotifers inhabit?

A

Freshwater, associating with littorial substances, with some being planktonic.

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4
Q

Morphology of rotifer…

A

Elongated with distinct head, foot and mouth.

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5
Q

Function of corona….

A

Movement and generating currents to drag in food.

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6
Q

Where is food processed?

A

Muscular pharynx, a mastax, with a unique trophi which break down food particles.

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7
Q

How do rotifers feed?

A

Pulsating action of the coronal cilia, 12nm or less.

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8
Q

Feeding preferences of rotifer…

A

Selective feeding if planktonic, raptorial feeders and predate if large.

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9
Q

Parthenogenesis

A

A form of reproduction where an egg can develop into an embryo without fertilization by sperm.

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10
Q

Reproduction of rotifer..

A

Amicitc females produce amictic eggs, developing into amicitc females.

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11
Q

Male reproduction of rotifer…

A

Females produce an egg in a mictic female

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12
Q

Two fates of an egg?

A

If fertilized, a resting egg undergoes diapause, extremely resistant to envrionment
If NOT fertilized, a male rapidly develops, being short lived and sexually active within an hour of birth.

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13
Q

Conditions for rotifers to be most prominent…

A

Stentotherm in winters/early spring
Late summer in tandem with cyanobacteria population development

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14
Q

Rotifer tolerance to variable O2 concentration…

A

Allows occupation of spatial niches in metalimnion and hypolimnion, and winter seasonal survival

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15
Q

What does threshold food level of rotifers correlate with…

A

Body mass and growth rate.

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16
Q

Cladocerans

A

Majorly microzooplankton, distinguished by distinct heads, and a body covered by bivalve cuticular carapce.

17
Q

Feeding of cladocerans…

A

Chitinized mandible for grinding and maxillules for pshing food between the mandibles.

18
Q

Structures of cladocerans…

A

Sensory organs of a larger compound eye and a smaller ocellus

19
Q

How do cladocerans feed?

A

Ventral thorax legs with hairs and setae, movement of which create currents that oxygenate the surface of the body and simultansouelsy incorpoate food particles.

20
Q

Reproduction of Cladocerans…

A

Majorly parthenogenetic yet CAN go sexual reproduction.

21
Q

Cladocerans sexual reproduction…

A

Eggs are produced and stored in a brood chamber in a cavity dorsal bound to he body by the carapace.

22
Q

Copepods

A

Are small aquaitc crustaceans

23
Q

Identifying copepods

A

They are identified with an anterior metasome, with a head region with five appendage parts and a thorax with six pairs of swimming legs.

24
Q

Urosome

A

Abdomen or postabdomen of an arthropod

25
Q

Structures of copepods…

A

Urosome, genital segment and caudal bearing setae

26
Q

Three suborders of copepods…

A

Calanoida

27
Q

Three suborders of copepods…

A

Calanoida
Cyclopoida
Harpacticoida

28
Q

Calanoida

A

Are exclusively planktonic

29
Q

Cyclopoida

A

Littoral benthic species, having planktonic species integral in food chains

30
Q

Harpacticoida

A

Exclusively littoral, especially mosses, feed sedimetn scraping also.

31
Q

Reproduction of Copepods…

A

Male infusion of spermatocytes to the females, the female can retain the sperm for later induction of fertilization, limiting need of a male.

32
Q

What do copepod eggs hatch into?

A

Nauplii

33
Q

Copepod diapause…

A

Winter or summer, Nauplii develop from females in winter and spring.

Climate Change - Ocean/Terrestial (18 decks)

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