OCD Reference

Question 1

Leading cause of disability worldwide

Answer 1

Black and Grant, 2O14

Question 2

Case study of Charles - Contamination & Stickiness

Answer 2

Rapoport, 1989

Question 3

Y-BOCS - Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale

High concurrent validity with other methods

Answer 3

Goodman et al., 1989

Question 4

Distress caused by OCD can include different feelings like depression, anxiety and functional impairment

Answer 4

Abramowitz et al., 2010

Question 5

OCD has genetic Basis

Answer 5

Mattheisen et al, 2015

Question 6

DRD4 (related to the uptake of Dopamine) polymorphism is associated with OCD

Answer 6

Taj et al., 2013

Question 7

Oxytocin dysfunction causes OCD.

OCD behaviors may be at the extreme end of a normal range of behaviors moderated by hormones.

Answer 7

Leckman et al., 1994

Question 8

Brain damaged patients showed OCD obsessive thinking

Answer 8

Basal Ganglia

Question 9

Caused by Abnormities in brain structure and function

Answer 9

17 Review Soomoro (2008)Meta-analysis

Question 10

obsessive thinking is based on faulty reasoning.
[E.g. Germs on hand can kill is due to errors in thinking.]
Ø OCD are thus Learned Behaviors

Answer 10

Rachman, 1977

Question 11

“Internal conflict between id and ego.”
Childhood Trauma > id disturbs ego > OCD
Such conflicts arises btw the anal stage of psychosexual development.

Answer 11

Freud

Question 12

SSRIs reduce the severity of OCD by reducing the level of anxiety associated. Higher dosage is shown to be more effective.

Answer 12

Pampaloni et al.

Question 13

Exposure and Response Prevention(ERP)

Answer 13

[Lehmkuhl et al., 2008]

Question 14

Taken into account the need to change the individual’s thoughts and beliefs. about the source of the Anxiety.
In term of effectiveness, therapy via telephone = face-to-face.

Answer 14

Lovell et al., 2006