Occupational Medicine Flashcards
What is occupational medicine?
To prevent and treat diseases and injuries occurring at work or in specific conditions
Who is the father of occupational medicine?
Bernardino Ramazzini
Which book examined the diseased and problems of 52 occupation in 1700?
De Morbis Artifiucm Diariba
When did the US Matine hospital service make the American seamen, an occupational work review ?
1798
When did the rise of labor union demand safe working conditions?
1800s
Who studied lead poisoning in 1911?
Alice Hamilton
When did modern impetus for increases of occupational safety and health start, causing a growth of industry?
WWII
WWII stimulated;
Many injuries and diseases being identified and etiologies were developed
What does occupational medicine promote?
Health and productivity of workers, their families and communities
What does occupational medicine prevent?
Occupational injury, illness and disability
What are some practice settings for occupational medicine?
Large industry (in-house)
Occupational and Environmental medicine programs in hospitals
Private practice/Consulting to small/medium sized companies
Government settings
What are the DO and MD boards for Occupational and Environmental medicine respectively?
American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM)
American Osteopathic College of Occupational and Preventive Medicine (AOCOPM)
What are the core competencies of ACOEM?
Clinical occupational and environmental medicine
OEM related law and regulation
Environmental health
Work and fitness and disability
Toxicology
Hazard recognition and control
Disater prevention and Emergency management
Worker health and productivity
Public health, surveillance and disease prevention
OEM related management
Who does the MD occupational medicine certification?
Certification conducted annually by American Board of Preventive Medicine(ABPM)
who does the DO occupational medicine certification?
Certification conducted annually by American Osteopathic College of Occupational and Preventive Medicine
What are some impediments to getting more physicians into occupational med?
Not hospital based specialty
Must have MPH
Not so high paid
What are the objectives of occupational health?
Provide medical care and advice that recognizes the patient’s occupation
Investigate and assess workplace hazards
Estimate employees’ work capacity
Monitor employee health and how it might be affected, or may affect condition
Support action for maintaining optimum working capacity
Specialized and periodic examinations as necessary
Emergency work-related medical care
What are some risks of being a roofer?
Before 1975 - asbestosis due to insulation
Photoirriant dermatitis - asphalt
Lead poisoning - lead roofing
Acute contanct dermatitis (ACD) or occupational asthma (OA), epoxy, sealants, foams, adhesives - machine or sand wood allergen
What are some risks of being a carpenter?
Before 1975 - asbestosis due to insulation
Acute solvent syndrome, peripheral neuropathy
Glue, solvents, oil-based paints, sand wood, epoxy, urethane (ACD, OA)
Lead poisoning - old paint, lead based
ACD - water based paint, equipment cleaner
What are some risks of being a plumber?
Before 1975 - asbestosis due to insulation
ACD - degrease metals, glue solvents
Photoirrirtant dermatitis- asphalt
ACD, OA - solder or braze
Cadmium poisoning - braze w. cadmium based solder
Lead poisoning - water line, cast iron soil pipes
The majority of occupational hazard that present effects are;
Dust Heat Cold Confined spaces Poor ergonomics
What are the pulmonary diseases (airway) that could come about from a work environment?
Occupational Asthma
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Chronic Bronchitis
Irritant-Induced Asthma (RADS: Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome)
Irritant-Induced Asthma
Irritant-Associated Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Occupational Rhinitis
What are the pulmonary diseases (Interstitial lung) that could come about from a work environment?
Silicosis Asbestosis Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (CWP) Other Pneumoconioses - Benign : Radiopaque iron oxide, tin, and barium: can cause visible opacities on the chest x-ray without symptoms or detectable changes in function Hard Metal Disease -Cobalt-related lung disease -Chronic Beryllium Disease (CBD)
What are the pulmonary diseases (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) that could come about from a work environment?
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis Mushroom picker's disease Humidifier or air-conditioner lung Bird breeder's lung May also result from fungus in humidifiers, heating systems, and air conditioners
What are some causes for occupational lung cancer?
Silica Hexavalent (Cr 6) chromium Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) Asphalt Fumes Coke Oven Emissions (Steel plants) Diesel Exhaust
What chemical can cause instant death in an enclosed space?
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
What is medical screening?
Detecting disease or body dysfunction before and individual would normally seek medical care
Pt without symptoms
What is medical surveillance?
Analysis of health information to detect workplace-related conditions requiring targeted prevention
Single or sentinel event
Grouped screening
What year did the Occupational safety and health act (OSHA) for,?
1970
What year is the Environmental Protection agency (EPA) form?
1969
What year was the Comprehensive Environmental response, Compensation and Liability Act formed?
1980
