Occipito-Axial Joint

Question 1

what is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dents or the apicodental ligament?

Answer 1

notochord

Question 2

what is the function of the alar ligament?

Answer 2

together they function to resist axial rotation

Question 3

what forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 3

membrana tectoria/tectorial membrane

Question 4

List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

Answer 4

membrana tectoria, cruciate ligament, capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint, apical ligament of the dens

Question 5

for the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion - extension?

Answer 5

about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

Question 6

for the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

Answer 6

about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

Question 7

for the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

Answer 7

about 33 degrees or about 6 degrees per couple