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OCB02 > OCB02-1019 Structure of cementum and alveolar bone > Flashcards

OCB02-1019 Structure of cementum and alveolar bone Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the alveolar bone process?

A

Necessary for muscle attachment
Contains bone marrow for haematopoiesis
It has storage functions for calcium and phosphate ions
Plasticity and remodelling

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2
Q

What does the growth of the alveolar bone depend on?

A

Tooth eruption and root formation

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3
Q

What does the alveolar bone rely to for maintenance?

A

tooth retention because if a tooth is lost, that part of the bone will resorb

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4
Q

When does the alveolar bone initially develop?

A

In the second month of fatal life

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5
Q

What are the two kinds of bone in alveolar bone?

A

Compact and trabecular

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6
Q

Which bone has a higher surface area to mass ratio?

A

Trabecular

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7
Q

What is the purpose of compact bone?

A

Give attachment to the fibres of the periodontal ligament

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8
Q

What is bundle bone?

A

Another term for compact bone due to the bundles of fibres attaching from the periodontal ligament

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9
Q

What fibres of the periodontal ligament are embedded in the bundle bone?

A

Sharpey’s fibres

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10
Q

What are the arrangement of sharpey’s fibres?

A

They are perpendicular to the bone

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11
Q

What is lamina dura?

A

On the radiograph , the bundle bone is more radio dense as the thick bone is seen without trabeculations

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12
Q

What is the cribriform plate?

A

An opening in the alveolar bone which is perforated by blood vessels and nerve

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13
Q

What are the names of the 2 septums within the alveolar bone?

A

Interradicular septum

Interdental septum

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14
Q

What is interradicular septum?

A

Separates the individual roots of a multi rooted tooth

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15
Q

What is interdental septum?

A

Separates two individual teeth

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16
Q

What is the blood supply to the alveolar bone?

A

Periodontal
Alveolar
Supraperiostal/ mucogingival

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17
Q

What is the nerve supply to the alveolar bone

A

Mesencephalic sensory neurons of the trigeminal nerve
Motor nucleus of the trigeminal
Sensory nucleus of the trigeminal
Spinal sensory trigeminal

18
Q

What is type I trabecular bone?

A

the trabecular are regular and horizontal

19
Q

What is trabecular bone most commonly found?

A

Mandible

20
Q

What is type II trabecular bone?

A

irregularly arranged and numerous trabeculae

21
Q

Where is type II trabecular bone found?

A

Maxilla

22
Q

Where is trabecular bone the most dense?

A

most dense next to the teeth where it forms the cribriform plate

23
Q

How does tooth loss affect the alveolar bone?

A

It degrades the bone

24
Q

What is a resting line?

A

When bone deposition is halted then resumed

25
Q

What is a reversal line?

A

Resorption by osteoclasts

26
Q

What is cementum?

A

Bonelike tissue that covers the root of your teeth

27
Q

What cells make cementum?

A

cementoblasts

28
Q

What are the functions of cementoblasts?

A

It joins the enamel at the cervix of the tooth creating a cement-enamel junction
Cementum attaches the teeth to the alveolar bone by anchoring the PDL
Cementum anchors the gingival and periodontal fibres
Protects dentin

29
Q

What are the 3 possible origins of cementum?

A

Pulp cells
HERS cells
Dental follicle cells

30
Q

What is the composition of cementum?

A

65% inorganic material: hydroxyapatite
23% organic collagen
12% water

31
Q

What nerve and blood supply does cementum have?

A

It is avascular and no nerve supply

32
Q

What is a difference between bone and cementum?

A

Unlike bone, cementum doesn’t remodel

33
Q

What is a comparison of minerals of enamel, dentine, cementum and bone?

A

Enamel 95%
Dentine 70%
Cementum 65%
Bone 60%

34
Q

What is acellular cementum?

A

It doesn’t have any cells in its matrix
its rate of deposition is slow
Incremental lines are close
precementum layer is thin

35
Q

What is cellular cementum?

A

Contain cementocytes within the matrix
The rate of deposition is fast
Incremental lines are far apart
The precementum layer is thick

36
Q

What do cementocytes occupy?

A

lacunae

37
Q

What are the channels for cementocytes called?

A

Canaliculi

38
Q

What is extrinsic fibre cementum?

A

Fibres such as Sharpey’s fibres from the PDL perpendicular to cementum

39
Q

What are intrinsic fibre cementum?

A

Fibres produced by cementoblasts
They are parallel to cementum surface
They are found at sites undergoing repair

40
Q

What is mixed fibre cementum?

A

Mixture of intrinsic and extrinsic fibre cementum

OCB02 (18 decks)

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