Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs Flashcards
- A periapical (PA) image is needed on the maxillary left premolar area. The patient presents with a large maxillary torus. Using the paralleling, or right-angle, technique, the image receptor film or sensor is to be placed
A distal to the maxillary premolar area.
B mesial to the maxillary premolar area.
C as close to the maxillary left premolar as possible.
D as far from the maxillary left premolar as possible.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 117). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
D as far from the maxillary left premolar as possible.
- A periapical image of the maxillary right molar area is needed, but patient has a shallow palate, and the first image taken misses the apices of the teeth. To correct this error, using the paralleling technique, an acceptable image can be obtained by moving the position indicating device (PID) in a
A 20-degree difference in the horizontal angulation toward the mesial surfaces.
B 20-degree difference in the horizontal angulation toward the distal surfaces.
C positive 20-degree difference in the vertical angulation.
D negative 20-degree difference in the vertical angulation.
E direction in which the central ray is perpendicular to the image receptor.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 117). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C positive 20-degree difference in the vertical angulation.
- When taking a premolar bitewing image, which error in the position of the PID is seen in the photograph shown?
A Greater horizontal angulation than required
B Greater positive vertical angulation than required
C Greater negative vertical angulation than required
D The PID is correctly positioned for a premolar bitewing
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 118). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C Greater negative vertical angulation than required
- The error that will occur to the premolar bitewing image as a result of the PID positioning will be
A unequal distribution of maxillary and mandibular teeth. There will be more coverage of maxillary teeth and fewer mandibular teeth.
B unequal distribution of maxillary and mandibular teeth. There will be more coverage of mandibular teeth and fewer maxillary teeth.
C distal overlap.
D mesial overlap.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 118). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
B unequal distribution of maxillary and mandibular teeth. There will be more coverage of mandibular teeth and fewer maxillary teeth.
- In the molar bitewing image, the error that will occur as a result of the PID positioning will be distal overlap. Distal overlap is corrected by repositioning the horizontal angulation of the PID more mesiodistally.
A Both statements are true.
B Both statements are false.
C The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 118). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
D The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
- Considering exposure time during the production of x-rays, how many impulses are equivalent to 1⁄4 second?
A 1
B 6
C 15
D 30
E 240
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 118). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C 15
- Order the steps for the manual processing of x-ray films. Match each letter with its proper sequence number. Sequence Number Steps
- _____ A. Rinsing in water for 30 seconds
- _____ B. Washing in water for 20 minutes
- _____ C. Developing
- _____ D. Fixing
- _____ E. Drying
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 118). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
The first step for the manual processing of x-ray films is developing (C);
the second step is rinsing in water for 30 seconds (A);
the third step is fixing (D);
the fourth step is washing in water for 20 minutes (B);
and the fifth step is drying (E).
- From the following list, select the three elements used in the x-ray tube.
A Bromine
B Copper
C Iron
D Molybdenum
E Nickel
F Silver
G Tungsten
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
B Copper
D Molybdenum
G Tungsten
9. Which of the following is the unit used to measure radiation exposure? A Gray (Gy)
B Radiation absorbed dose (rad)
C Roentgen (R)
D Roentgen equivalent in man (rem)
E Sievert (Sv)
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C Roentgen (R)
- A radiographic image will have increased density if the operator
A increases the kVp.
B decreases the kVp.
C decreases the milliampere (mA).
D increases the distance of the x-ray source to the image receptor.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
A increases the kVp.
- The smaller the silver halide crystals in the emulsion of an intraoral film, the faster the film speed. Faster film speed reduces radiation exposure to the patient.
A Both statements are true.
B Both statements are false.
C The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
D The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
- Which ingredient of the developing solution in the manual processing of x-ray films is alkaline and aids in the softening of the emulsion?
A Potassium bromide
B Potassium alum
C Sodium carbonate
D Sodium sulfite
E Sodium thiosulfate
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C Sodium carbonate
- In which anomaly is cementum of two adjacent teeth joined together?
A Concrescence
B Fusion
C Gemination
D Hypercementosis
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
A Concrescence
- Which structure or material will appear the MOST radiopaque on a dental image?
A Airspace
B Amalgam restoration
C Periodontal ligament space
D Composite restoration
E Pulp
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
B Amalgam restoration
- Which structure appears as a radiopaque line surrounding the root of the tooth?
A Trabecular bone
B Cancellous bone
C Lamina dura
D Periodontal ligament space
E Pulp
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C Lamina dura
- Which of the following describes the appearance of a carious lesion on the buccal or lingual surface of a molar on a dental image?
A Triangular, radiolucent
B Triangular, radiopaque
C Circular, radiolucent
D Circular, radiopaque
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 119). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
C Circular, radiolucent
- For each numbered anatomic landmark, select the BEST associated radiographic description.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 120). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
The median palatine suture (1) presents as a thin radiolucent line between maxillary incisors (C).
Genial tubercles (2) present as a ring-shaped radiopacity apical to mandibular incisors (A).
The incisive foramen (3) is seen as a small oval or round radiolucency between the roots of maxillary incisors (G).
The mylohyoid ridge (4) is a dense radiopaque band extending downward from the mandibular molar region toward mandibular premolars (B).
The mental foramen (5) is seen as a small oval or round radiolucency apical to the mandibular premolar area and is frequently mistaken for periapical pathology (E).
The floor of the nasal cavity (6) presents as a dense radiopaque band of bone seen apical to the maxillary incisor region (F).
The coronoid process (7) is a triangular radiopacity sometimes seen superimposed over the maxillary tuberosity or may be seen slightly inferior to the maxillary tuberosity (D).
- Order each tissue in order of radiosensitivity, from most sensitive to least sensitive. Match each letter with its proper sequence number.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 120). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
Reproductive tissue (D) is the most radiosensitive because of the high mitotic rate of cell turnover.
The higher the reproductive rate of a cell, the higher is the radiosensitivity. Lymphatic tissue and bone marrow (E) are the second most radiosensitive because of high cell turnover.
Oral mucosal epithelium (B) is the third most radiosensitive as it has a high cellular turnover rate.
Skin (A) is the fourth most radiosensitive; it is less sensitive than oral epithelium but has a fairly high sensitivity.
Mature bone and cartilage (F) are the fifth most radiosensitive and have a slow cellular turnover with fairly low sensitivity.
Nerve tissue (C), the most stable of all tissue, is the sixth most radiosensitive and has low sensitivity to radiation.
- For each numbered x-radiation interaction, select the BEST description.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 120). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
No interaction (1) is responsible for producing the densities on the receptor or film (D).
In coherent scatter (2), no loss of energy and no ionization occur when this low-energy photon interacts with an outer shell electron; the unaffected photon changes direction (F).
In the photoelectric effect (3), ionization takes place when photons are absorbed by patient tissues (E).
In the Compton scatter (4), ionization takes place when the photon ejects an outer shell electron, resulting in the loss of energy for the photon and a negative charged electron; the low-energy photon changes direction (F).
In Bremsstrahlung (5), or braking, radiation, electrons stop suddenly when they hit the anode (A).
Radioactivity (6) occurs when an unstable atom releases energy (C).
- For each numbered x-radiation interaction, select the BEST description.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 120). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
ANS: 1D; 2 F; 3E; 4B; 5A; 6C
- For each numbered term listed below, select the BEST description from the list provided.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 121). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
ANS: 1G; 2 J; 3I; 4B; 5H; 6A; 7 F; 8E; 9C;10D
- It is acknowledged that the routine performance of radiography is not recommended. Using sound professional judgment, for each numbered type of patient listed, select the recommended prescription of radiography based on the Guidelines for Prescribing Radiographs established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from the list provided. Not all guidelines will be used.
Mosby. Mosby’s Review Questions for the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (p. 121). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.
ANS: 1H; 2D; 3E; 4A; 5G; 6B
