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NBDHE March 2021 > Instrumentation > Flashcards

Instrumentation Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are true regarding fulcrums EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Help activate the wrist and hand

B) Used on the same arch near the tooth being instrumented

C) Ring finger is also called the fulcrum finger

D) Extraoral fulcrums are never recommended

A

D) Extraoral fulcrums are never recommended

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2
Q

Which portion of the instrument is used in the removal of deposits?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Entire length of the blade

B) Tip two-third of the blade

C) Tip one-third of the blade

A

C) Tip one-third of the blade

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3
Q

The following represent areas that should NOT be polished EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Areas that have just been treated with periodontal surgery

B) Demineralized surfaces

C) Extrinsic stain on anteriors

D) Gold crowns

A

C) Extrinsic stain on anteriors

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4
Q

All of the followings are contraindications for the use of an ultrasonic scaler EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Recently placed pacemaker

B) Decalcified tooth surface

C) Asthma

D) Presence of a communicable disease

A

A) Recently placed pacemaker

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5
Q

A full mouth polishing is not considered a routine part of oral prophylaxis because of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Repeated polishing can remove cementum, dentin, and enamel

B) Decalcified areas are easily damaged

C) It can create stain with repeated use

D) It can increase roughness and promote dental biofilm reattachment

A

C) It can create stain with repeated use

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6
Q

All of the followings are true regarding sharpened instruments EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Decrease patient comfort

B) Decrease clinician fatigue

C) Less pressure is needed to remove deposits

D) Can prevent burnishing of calculus

A

A) Decrease patient comfort

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7
Q

Which instrument design is generally more effective in removing moderate to heavy deposits?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Thicker shank

B) Longer shank

C) Thicker handle

D) Complex shank

A

A) Thicker shank

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8
Q

All of the followings are principles of correct clinician positioning, EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Back of the knees are right against the edge of the seat

B) Feet and legs are kept apart

C) Clinician’s thighs are slightly higher than the knees

D) Back is rested against the back of the stool

A

A) Back of the knees are right against the edge of the seat

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9
Q

Exploratory strokes are typically shorter. Working strokes are typically longer.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

B) Both statements are false.

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10
Q

Which of the following is CORRECT about sharpening stones?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Arkansas stone is a natural stone that should be lubricated with oil

B) Ceramic stone is a natural stone that should be lubricated with oil

C) India stone is a natural stone that should be lubricated with water

D) Sharpening stones should not be sterilized

A

A) Arkansas stone is a natural stone that should be lubricated with oil

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11
Q

Tooth #14 has a class II furcation on the facial aspect. Which instrument would be the BEST for smoothening the roof of the furcation area?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Hoe

B) Gracey curette 13/14

C) Naber’s diamond-coated file

D) Universal curette with an extended lower shank

A

C) Naber’s diamond-coated file

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12
Q

Which instrument BEST detects furcation involvement on multi-rooted teeth?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 11/12 explorer

B) Gracey curette

C) Naber’s probe

D) Straight probe

A

C) Naber’s probe

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13
Q

When sharpening a universal curette with the stationary technique, the following rules should be followed EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) The face-to-stone angle of 110° should be established

B) The face of the instrument is positioned so that it is parallel with the floor

C) The stone is positioned at 1:00 o’clock

D) The terminal shank is positioned at 11:00 o’clock

A

D) The terminal shank is positioned at 11:00 o’clock

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14
Q

Which instrument has only one cutting edge and a round toe?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) A Gracey curette

B) A sickle

C) A Universal curette

D) A file

A

A) A Gracey curette

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15
Q

The straight calibrated periodontal probe can be used for all of the following EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Calculating the width of the attached gingiva

B) Detecting calculus

C) Measuring the depth of the pocket

D) Measuring the intraoral lesions

E) Detecting caries

A

E) Detecting caries

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16
Q

Magnetostrictive ultrasonics use magnetic oscillations technology and the tip moves in an elliptical pattern. Piezoelectric scalers use ceramic discs or quarts and the tip moves in a linear pattern.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

A) Both statements are true.

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17
Q

What is the range of movement at the tip of the working end for MOST sonic scalers?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 2,500 to 7,000 cycles/sec

B) 18,000 to 45,000 cycles/sec

C) 25,000 to 50,000 cycles/sec

A

A) 2,500 to 7,000 cycles/sec

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18
Q

With an ultrasonic scaler, the deposits should be removed with an apical to coronal direction. For hand instrumentation, the opposite direction should be used.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

B) Both statements are false.

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19
Q

Which instrument can BEST remove calculus around the contact areas of the mandibular anterior teeth?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Area-specific curette

B) Sickle scaler

C) Universal curette

D) Hoe

A

B) Sickle scaler

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20
Q

Indirect illumination can help observe the shadows of deposits or caries. Transillumination is the illumination of a dark area of the mouth by bouncing light off the mirror face.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

B) Both statements are false.

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21
Q

To maximize efficiency, the clinician should ask the patient to tilt the chin downwards when treating the maxillary arch. When treating the mandibular arch, the patient should tilt the chin upward.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

B) Both statements are false.

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22
Q

The most effective scaling strokes should combine both wrist motions and finger-flexing motions. Utilizing too much finger-flexing causes the blade angulation to close down too much.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

23
Q

A magnetostrictive ultrasonic device moves at:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 5,000-8,000 cycles per second

B) 18,000-45,000 cycles per second

C) 50,000-60,000 cycles per second

A

B) 18,000-45,000 cycles per second

24
Q

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of an ultrasonic scaler?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Communicable diseases

B) Primary or newly-erupted teeth

C) Amalgam restorations

D) Difficulty breathing

A

C) Amalgam restorations

25
Q

What is the abrasive agent present in polishing paste?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Silicon dioxide

B) Humectants

C) Water

D) Fluoride

A

A) Silicon dioxide

26
Q

Only vertical exploratory strokes can evaluate the root surface smoothness. Exploratory strokes should also be overlapping and fluid.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

27
Q

Root planing is followed by gingival curettage to provide better results. Gingival curettage requires local anesthesia.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

B) Both statements are false.

28
Q

If a right-handed clinician is working on the mandibular anterior teeth with surfaces towards her, the clinician should sit at a:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 3 to 4 o’clock position

B) 8 to 9 o’clock position

C) 10 to 11 o’clock position

D) 1 to 2 o’clock

A

B) 8 to 9 o’clock position

29
Q

All of the following are true about the modified pen grasp EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Fingers form a soft C-shape

B) Ring finger rests against the middle finger

C) Pad of the middle finger rests on the instruments

D) Thumb and middle finger are placed opposite of each other on the handle

A

D) Thumb and middle finger are placed opposite of each other on the handle

30
Q

Which of the following probes has 3-6-8 mm markings?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Marquis probe

B) Williams probe

C) Michigan probe

D) UNC probe

A

C) Michigan probe

31
Q

The following are key points to remember when utilizing the “moving stone” sharpening technique for dental hygiene instruments EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Use a test stick to check for sharpness

B) Always end with an upward stroke to avoid leaving metal burs on the cutting edge

C) The hand holding the stone should have steady strength

D) Sharpen starting at the heel of the instrument and gradually move toward the toe

A

B) Always end with an upward stroke to avoid leaving metal burs on the cutting edge

32
Q

The following statements on root planing strokes are true EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Root planing strokes employ lighter lateral pressure

B) Root planing strokes are short

C) Root planing strokes should overlap previous strokes

D) Root planing strokes employ a lighter grasp

A

B) Root planing strokes are short

33
Q

When inserting the working end subgingivally, the face of the instrument to tooth surface angulation should be:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 0° to 40°

B) 45° to 90°

C) 60° to 80°

D) 70° to 90°

A

A) 0° to 40°

34
Q

The angulation between the face of the curette blade and the tooth surface for debridement should be:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) 0°

B) As close to 0° as possible

C) Between 45° and 90°

D) As close to 90° as possible

A

C) Between 45° and 90°

35
Q

The following are true regarding the removal of calculus deposits using an ultrasonic scaler EXCEPT:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) The correct instrument tip is selected based on the size and location of the deposit

B) The straight slim-diameter tip should be utilized to remove heavy supragingival calculus deposits

C) The deposit should be approached from multiple directions

D) The curved slim-diameter tip should be used for light to moderate calculus deposits on posterior root surfaces

A

B) The straight slim-diameter tip should be utilized to remove heavy supragingival calculus deposits

36
Q

Slim ultrasonic tips should be used to remove:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Light calculus

B) Moderate calculus

C) Heavy calculus

D) Plaque only

A

A) Light calculus

37
Q

The end point or goal of nonsurgical periodontal treatment is to render the root surface and gingival tissues acceptable for healing to occur. Healing is indicated by the formation of a long junctional epithelium and new formation of bone.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

38
Q

When removing subgingival calculus deposits on the proximal surfaces of the anteriors, which of the following instruments and techniques are ideal?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Area-specific curette with a small working end

B) Explorer with a firm grasp

C) Universal curette with light pressure

D) Sickle scaler with a pointy end

A

A) Area-specific curette with a small working end

39
Q

Another alternative to a Gracey 13/14 curette is:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Gracey 12

B) Gracey 11/12

C) Gracey 17/18

D) Posterior sickle

A

C) Gracey 17/18

40
Q

With Gracey curettes, the portion of the shank closest to the handle should be parallel to the long axis of the tooth surface. The clinician can utilize the shank as a visual cue in establishing correct blade placement.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

A) Both statements are true.

41
Q

Which instrument should be avoided for porcelain crowns?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Gracey curette

B) 11/12 explorer

C) Sickle scaler

D) Ultrasonic scaler

E) All of the above

A

D) Ultrasonic scaler

42
Q

Curettes are considered to be the most effective instruments for complete removal of calculus and for smoothing root surfaces. There are three types of curettes: universal, area-specific, and subgingival sickles.

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

D) The first statement is false and the second is true.

A

C) The first statement is true and the second is false.

43
Q

During root planing, as the cementum becomes smoother, the strokes should become:

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Shorter in length, heavier in lateral pressure, with less tooth surface-to-blade angulation

B) Longer in length, lighter in lateral pressure, with less tooth surface-to-blade angulation

C) Shorter in length, lighter in lateral pressure, with more tooth surface-to-blade angulation

D) Longer in length, lighter in lateral pressure, with more tooth surface-to-blade angulation

A

B) Longer in length, lighter in lateral pressure, with less tooth surface-to-blade angulation

44
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Choose only ONE best answer.

A) Power scalers should be avoided in patients with asthma

B) Power scalers can spread communicable diseases

C) Power scalers can demineralize surfaces

D) Power scalers can be used with all types of pacemakers

A

D) Power scalers can be used with all types of pacemakers

45
Q
  1. During periodontal instrumentation, a face-to-tooth surface angulation of 40 degrees will result in
    A. Damage to surrounding tissues

B. Damage to the root surface

C. Calculus removal

D. Burnished calculus

A

D. Burnished calculus

46
Q
  1. The finger that serves as a support beam during calculus removal is the
    A. Index finger

B. Middle finger

C. Ring finger

D. Thumb

A

C. Ring finger

47
Q
  1. Gracey curettes are accurately described as self-angulated because when the lower shank is parallel to the tooth surface to be instrumented. The lower cutting edge is automatically at the correct angulation for periodontal debridement.
    A. The first statement is true, the second is false

B. The first statement is false, the second is true

C. Both statements are true

D. Both statements are false

A

C. Both statements are true

48
Q
  1. The objective of scaling and root planning is to remove as much of uneven surfaces as possible. While performing root planing with anesthesia, a skilled dental hygienist should be able to accomplish complete removal of calculus in areas of deep, restricted pockets.
    A. The first statement is true, the second is false

B. The first statement is false, the second is true

C. Both statements are true

D. Both statements are false

A

D. Both statements are false

49
Q
  1. The protective features of Gracey curettes include each of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
    A. Rounded toe

B. Rounded back

C. Tilted face in relation to the lower shank

D. Triangular cross-section

A

D. Triangular cross-section

50
Q
  1. What is the primary purpose of periodontal debridement?
    A. Removal of all clinically detectable calculus

B. Removal of all plaque-retentive factors

C. Removal of diseased cementum and calculus

D. Establishment of a smooth tooth surface

E Restoration of gingival health

A

E Restoration of gingival health

51
Q
  1. Tooth polishing is viewed as a nonessential procedure with limited application.
    Tooth polishing is viewed as an essential component of complete prophylaxis that has beneficial therapeutic effects.

A. Both statements are TRUE.

B. Both statements are FALSE.

C. The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE.

D. The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE.

A

C. The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE.

52
Q
  1. What is the BEST instrument to use for debriding a dental implant?
    A. Metal instrument of various working-end designs

B. Plastic instrument with graphite filler

C. Ultrasonic or sonic instrument with graphite filler

D. Plastic instrument of various working-end design

A

D. Plastic instrument of various working-end design

53
Q
  1. Which of the following indicates a dull curet?
    A. Calculus is removed in large pieces

B. Tactile sensitivity increases

C. Lateral pressure increases

D. Operator control increases

A

C. Lateral pressure increases

54
Q
  1. By what percentage is the blade of a mini five instrument shorter than a traditional instrument?
    A. 30%

B. 40%

C. 50%

D. The blades are the same size

A

C. 50%

NBDHE March 2021 (15 decks)

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