Obstructive Sleep Apnoea/Hypopnoea Syndrome

Question 1

What are risk factors for OSA?

Answer 1

Obesity
Macroglossia: acromegaly, hypothyroidism, amyloidosis
Large tonsils
Marfan’s syndrome

Question 2

Where is a good history of OSA attained?

Answer 2

Partner

Will often complain of excessive snoring and periods of apnoea

Question 3

What are the symptoms of OSA?

Answer 3

Daytime somnolence
Compensated respiratory acidosis
Hypertension

Question 4

What scales can be used to assess sleepiness?

Answer 4

Epworth sleepiness scale

Multiple sleep latency test

Question 5

How is the diagnosis of OSA made?

Answer 5

Sleep studies (polysomnography) 
- Ranging from monitoring of pulse oximetry at night to full polysomnography where a wide variety of factors are measured

Question 6

What is the management of OSA?

Answer 6

Wight loss
CPAP
Intra-oral devices (mandibular advancement)
DVLA should be informed if excessive daytime sleepiness