Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Question 1

What is Obstructive sleep apnoea caused by

Answer 1

A collapse of pharyngeal airway during sleep

Question 2

What are apnoea episodes

Answer 2

Times during sleep when person stops breathing periodically for a ew minutes

Question 3

List the risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea

Answer 3

1- Middle age 
2- Male 
3- Obesity 
4- alcohol 
5- Smoking

Question 4

How does obstructive sleep apnoea present

Answer 4

1- Apnoea episodes 
2- snoring 
3- morning headache 
4- waking up from unrefreshed sleep 
5- daytime sleepiness 
6- concentration problems 
7- reduced oxygen saturation during sleep

Question 5

Severe cases of obstructive sleep apnoea can lead to what conditions ( Hint: 3 )

Answer 5

1- Hypertension
2- heart failure
3- increase risk of MI
4- increase risk of stroke

Question 6

What scale is used to assess symptoms of sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 6

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Question 7

What is the management for obstructive sleep apnoea ( describe what each is for if possible ) - Hint : 4

Answer 7

1- referral to ENT specialist or specialist sleep clinic
2- correct reversible risk factors ( alcohol, smoking weight )
3- Continuous positive airway pressure ( CRAP ) machine providing continuous pressure to maintain airway latency
4- surgery of restructuring soft palate and jaw

Question 8

What is the name of common obstructive sleep apnoea surgery

Answer 8

uvulapalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)