Obssessive Complusive and Related Disorders

Question 1

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Answer 1

• recurrent obsessions (recurrent thoughts urges or images that cause distress)
• recurrent compulsions( Repetitive behaviors/mental acts that are performed to decrease distress
• obsessions/compulsions are time consuming and distressful/disruptive -not explained by another disorder -
• absent insight (delusional they are convinced their OCD is true
• -caused by prefrontal striatal overactivity, orbital prefrontal–> ant cingulate–> caudate nucleus –> thalamus loop, Serotonin deficiency can be caused by streptococcal infection known as PANDAS

Question 2

Treatment for OCD and related disorders

Answer 2

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and/or SSRI’s (OCD only)
• Pyscosurgery-lesioning of ant. cingulate gyrus, or limb of internal capsule
• Deep Brain Stimulation- electrical impulses from brain electrode and pacemaker.

Question 3

Hoarding Disorder

Answer 3

• difficulty parting with possessions because of perceived need to save the item or distress about discarding them,
• -accumulation of possessions clutters living areas and substantially compromises their intended use. -
• Hoarding causes significant functional impariment. -some may have absent insight

Question 4

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Answer 4

• Preoccupation with a perceived flaw in physical appearance
• repetitive behaviors or mental acts are performed in response to appearance concerns
• happens when not better accounted for by an eating disorder. -muscle dysphoria- in men body is too small can have absent insight

Question 5

Excoriation Disorder

Answer 5

• Recurrent skin picking results in skin lesions, attempts to stop picking, picking results in distress/functional impairment and isn’t better explained by antoher disorder
• -is time consuming, causes social avoidance, medical complications

Question 6

Trichotillomania

Answer 6

recurrent pulling out of hair, attempts to stop and causes distress or functional impairment.