Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Flashcards
What are 5 types of obsessive compulsive disorders listed in the DSM 5?
- Obsessive compulsive disorder
- Body dysmorphic disorder
- Hoarding disorder
- Hair pulling disorder
- Skin picking disorder
What are the behaviors of people with obsessive compulsive disorder supposed to reduce?
- It is supposed to reduce anxiety
- Ex: skin picking is supposed to reduce pleasure because when people are stressed they need a distraction for their issues
What are obsessions?
- Recurrent, persistent, intrusive, unwanted thoughts, urges or images
- The person wants to ignore, suppress, or neutralize the thoughts words or images
What are compulsions?
- Repetitive behaviors that the person feels compelled to perform to prevent distress or a dreaded event
- The person feels compelled to perform the repetitive behavior or thoughts in response to obsessions or according to rigid rules
What makes obsessions or compulsions a clinical concern for the individual?
- They take up at least an hour per day
- Or cause the person significant distress or impairment
- The person does not want them
What are the main features of obsessive compulsive disorder?
- unwanted thoughts
- create significant anxiety
- often drive repetitive behavior that is excessive
- not a part of the person’s control
- ego-dystonic
What are the five forms of obsessions?
- Doubts
- Images
- Thoughts
- Impulses
- Fears
What are five forms of compulsive rituals?
- Cleaning
- Checking
- Repeating
- Hoarding
- Orderliness
What are obsessions in terms of obsessive compulsive disorder?
- Intrusive, persistent, and uncontrollable thoughts or urges
- Experienced as irrational
- Most common: contamination, sexual and aggressive impulses, body problems
What are compulsions in terms of obsessive compulsive disorder?
- Impulse to repeat certain behaviors or mental acts to avoid distress (ex: cleaning, counting, touching, checking)
- Extremely difficult to resist the impulse
- May involve elaborate behavior rituals
- Compulsive gambling, eating etc. are NOT considered compulsions since they are pleasurable
Do males and females have the same rate of OCD?
Yes
What is the performance element in OCD?
- People perform to just perform! They would rather do it alone and lie about what their disorder actually is
- Does not always reduce anxiety
What percentage of OCD patients experience obsessions and compulsions?
69%
What percentage of OCD patients only experience obsessions?
25%
What percentage of patients only experience compulsions?
6%
When does OCD develop?
- Age 10 or during late adolescence/early adulthood
What population of people are more likely to seek treatment?
Women
What does the comorbidity rate for OCD?
75%
- Depression
- Hoarding
- Substance use disorder
What is the psychodynamic explanation for OCD?
- Fixation at the anal stage of development
- Reaction formation
What is the biological model for OCD?
- Genetic factors
- Dysfunction for in circuitry involving frontal cortex
What is the cognitive behavioral model for OCD?
- Extremist (black and white) thinking
- Magical thinking