OBS/GYN Flashcards
What is gynecology?
The branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and routine physical care of the female reproductive system
What term refers to the structures of the female reproductive system seen from the outside of the body?
Pudendum
What is the perineum?
The area between the vaginal opening and the anus
What are Bartholin glands?
Mucous secreting glands just inside the lower vagina that provide lubrication during intercourse.
What is discharged during menstruation?
25-65 ml of blood, epithelial cells, mucous, and tissue.
What are the 2 phases of the menstrual cycle?
Ovarian cycle (follicular phase days 1-13, luteal phase days 14-28)
Uterine cycle (proliferative phase days 5-14, secretory phase days 15-28)
What is menarche?
The onset of the first menses signalling the possibility of fertility.
What is menopause?
The last menses when a woman has reached the end of childbearing age.
What is the climacteric?
The period of life following and during the transition of menopause.
What are the symptoms of menopause?
Diaphoresis
Hair loss
Hot flashes
Cognitive changes
Sexual dysfunction
Sore limbs
Headache
Mood disorder
Fatigue
What is Dysmenorrhea?
Painful menses
Primary- occurs with advent of menstruation and lasts 1-2 days (80%)
Secondary- pain before, during, and after menstruation
What is Amenorrhea?
Absence or cessation of menstruation usually due to pregnancy
What is menorrhagia?
Blood flow lasting several days longer than usual.
What is Polymenorrhea?
Blood flow occurring more often than a 21 day interval.
What is Metrorrhagia?
Blood flow or intermittent spotting occurring irregularly but frequently.
What is pelvic inflammatory disease?
Infection of women’s reproductive organs occurring almost exclusively in sexually active women.
Risk factors include use of an IUD, unprotected intercourse, and untreated STI
What is Interstitial cystitis/ chronic bladder condition?
A chronic bladder condition with an unknown cause resulting in inflammation or irritation. In severe cases irritation may lead to ulcers in the bladder lining
When are ectopic pregnancies diagnosed?
Commonly diagnosed between 6-10 weeks of gestation
What is an ovarian cyst?
A fluid filled sac that grows on or in an ovary. The most common type is the functional cyst developed during menstruation.
What is a Tubo-ovarian abscess?
An infectious collection in the ovaries or fallopian tubes occasionally leading to peritonitis
What is ovarian torsion?
Twisting of an ovary, most common in women of reproductive age
What is toxic shock syndrome?
Profound shock caused by bacteria that release a protein called toxic shock syndrome toxin
What are 2 of the most common infections that affect women?
bacterial vaginitis and vaginal yeast infections
How do Chlamydia and Gonorrhea differ from Genital Heroes
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea are caused by a bacteria
Herpes is caused by a virus