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Bacteriology & Mycology > Obligate Intracellular Pathogens > Flashcards

Obligate Intracellular Pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

True or False:

Rickettsiales family can only grow and reproduce inside a host cell

A

true

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2
Q

what type of organism is the rickettsiales family

A

gram negative
coccoid, rod-like

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3
Q

what is the best virulence factor of the Rickettsiales family

A

high strain variation through the ability to change surface protein expression

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4
Q

True or False:

It is easy for pathogens of the Rickettsiales family to evade the immune systems

A

true

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5
Q

what is used to treat pathogens of the Rickettsiales family

A

antibiotics (tetracyclines and chloramphenicol)

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6
Q

what cell types are the Rickettsiales family able to infect

A

immune cells or hemopoitic cells

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7
Q

what is the transmission route of the Rickettsiales family

A

ticks
fleas
flukes

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8
Q

what are the virulence factors of the Rickettsiales family

A

release of endotoxins
invade lots of cells
block phagolysosomal fusion or escape

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9
Q

which pathogen is responsible for rocky mountain spotted fever

A

R. rickettsii

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10
Q

which pathogen is responsible for canine monocytotropic ehrilichiosis

A

E. canis

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11
Q

which pathogen is responsible for canine granulocytic ehrilchiosis

A

E. ewingii

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12
Q

what is the target host of E. canis

A

dog

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13
Q

what is the target host of E. ewingii

A

Dog
human

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14
Q

what is the target host of E. chaffensis

A

Multiple + humans

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15
Q

what is the target host cell of E. canis

A

monocytes
macrophages
lymphocytes

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16
Q

what is the host cell target of E. ewingii

A

Neutrophils

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17
Q

what is the host cell target of E. ruminantium

A

vascular endothelial cells
neutrophils

18
Q

what is the reservoir host of E. canis

A

multiple

19
Q

what is the reservoir host of E. ewingii

A

white tailed deer

20
Q

what is the reservoir host of E. ruminantium

A

wild and domestic rumiants

21
Q

which ehrlichia spp is not found in the US

A

E. ruminantium

22
Q

what disease does E. canis cause

A

canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (CME)

23
Q

what disease is associated with E.. ruminantium

A

heartwater

24
Q

what disease is associated with E. ewingii

A

canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (CGE)

25
Q

what is the main transmission of CME

A

tick bite

26
Q

what is the pathogenesis of CME

A

blood invasion to monocytes infection to clinical signs and hemorrhage

27
Q

what clinical signs will be present in acute CME

A

thrombocytopenia
1-3 weeks post infection
2-4 week duration

28
Q

what is used to treat CME

A

doxycycline

29
Q

what are the classic signs of chronic CME

A

reemergence of E. canis following stress/ immunocompromise

severe thrombocytopenia
anemia

30
Q

what can be used to diagnose E. canis

A

history of a tick bite or exposure
epistaxis
thrombocytopenia
IFA, ELISA, PCR, cell culture isolation

31
Q

what diagnostic lab tests should be used to diagnose CME

A

SNAP 4DX / serology
stained blood smear
whole blood PCR

32
Q

what is the confirmative test used for E. canis

A

whole blood PCR

33
Q

what is the treatment of E. canis

A

tetracyclines (doxycycline)
tick control

34
Q

what is the reservoir and vector used for transmission of E. ewingii

A

lone star tick

35
Q

what are the clinical signs of E. ewingii

A

mild fever
arthritis
muscular stiffness

36
Q

what is used to diagnose E. ewingii

A

PCR
serology
SNAP 4DX

37
Q

what is used to treat E. ewingii

A

doxycycline
tick control

38
Q

true or false:

there is a vaccine to prevent E. ewingii

A

false

39
Q

which ehrlichiosis species has CNS involvement

A

E. chaffenesis

40
Q

what is the treatment of E. chaffenesis

A

doxycycline
rifampin
tick control

Bacteriology & Mycology (15 decks)

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