C. Pseudotuberculosis Flashcards
what are the characteristics of C. pseudotuberculosis
gram +
facultative
intracellular
coccobacillus
what does C. pseudotuberculosis cause
chronic abscess infection
what species does C. pseudotuberculosis affect
sheep
goats
horses
cattle
in what species does this bacteria cause caseous lymphadenitis
sheep & goats
what does C. pseudotuberculosis cause in horses
ulcerative lymphangitis
what can ulcerative lymphangitis cause
external and internal abscesses
what are the main virulence factors for C. pseudotuberculosis
- EXOTOXIN - PHOSPHOLIPASE D
- facultative intracellular pathogen
- surface lipid coat
how does C. pseudotuberculosis enter the body
- skin breaks
- ingestion
- inhalation
where does the C. pseudotuberculosis infection start (manifest)
lymph nodes
how does Phospholipase D effect the pathogenesis of C. pseudotuberculosis
increases vascular permeability and spreads the infection
what is a chronic and contagious disease in sheep and goats caused by C. tuberculosis
caseous lymphadenitis
what are the signs of caseous lymphadenitis
-abscesses in the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs
-weight loss, poor health
-reduced wool and milk production
what is another name for caseous lymphadenitis in female goats/sheep
Thin Ewe Syndrome
in what group of animals are we most concerned about caseous lymphadenitis
small ruminant production
what are the 2 forms of caseous lymphadenitis
external & internal presentation
what are the common clinical signs of an external case of caseous lymphadenitis
Infections of:
- skin
-subcutaneous tissue
-peripheral lymph nodes
what are common clinical signs in a case of internal caseous lymphadenitis
Abscesses in:
-lungs
-liver
-kidneys
-spleen
-internal lymph nodes
what is the common characteristic of an early stage caseous lymphadenitis
pale green abscess
what is the common characteristic of a late stage case of caseous lymphadenitis
-hardened cream abscess
-“cheesy” / “onion-like”
where can ulcerative lymphangitis be found in a horse/cattle
external & internal
what are common presenting signs of ulcerative lymphangitis
- inflammation of lymphatic vessels
-formation of abscesses on legs
-thick green extrudate
True or False:
ulcerative lymphangitis is a localized infection
FALSE
ulcerative lymphangitis can spread to other organs due to the involvement of the lymph system
True or False:
Internal abscesses are hard to diagnose
true
what are the common clinical signs associated with internal abscesses of ulcerative lymphadenitis
-weight loss
-fever
-depression
-colic
where are the internal abscess of ulcerative lymphadenitis often found
liver
what is the diagnosis used for external abscesses of ulcerative lymphadenitis
bacteria culture
- ELISA for antibody detection
-isolation and PCR confirmation
what bacteria causes ulcerative lymphadenitis in horses/ cattle
C. pseudotuberculosis
what is not very effective as a treatment of internal abscesses due to ulcerative lymphadenitis
antibiotics - thick abscess capsule and intracellular location
how does one treat an external abscess formed by ulcerative lymphadenitis
surgical incision to drain
what is the prevention protocol for C. pseudotuberculosis
vaccination
-inactivated whole cell wall and phospholipase D
which corynebacterium bacteria is mostly found in female cattle
C. renale
where does C. renale infect
-bladder
-ureters
-kidney
-pelvis
what is the pathogenesis of C. renale
attachment to the epithelial cells of the urinary and reproductive tracts and ascends into the kidneys
what is the result of C. renale in the kidneys
pyelonephritis
what other clinical signs/ problems can occur from the presence of C. renale
- hemorrhagic cystitis
- ulceration of the bladder
- ureteritis
- pyelonephritis
what are the clinical signs of C. renale
-arched back
-urine in small frequent quantities
-presence of albumin, leukocytes, and small blood clots in urine
-fever
-anorexia
what bacteria is normally found in the prepuce of sheep and goats
C. pilosum
what does C. pilosum cause in goats and sheep
posthitis
what is posthitis
preputial ulcerative dermatitis
what bacteria is commonly associated with Posthitis
C. pilosum
what is a predisposing factor for Posthitis
high protein diets
high urea excretion = high ammonia
what is a concern with Posthitis
secondary bacterial infections
what is the treatment of Posthitis
penicillin
trimethoprin-sulfamethaxazole
what is the prevention protocol for C. pilosum
reduction in protein diet