OBGYN: sexual diff, DUB, PMS/PMDD, sexual dsyf, fertility Flashcards
define gonads
men?
women?
primary sex organs
men=testes
women=ovaires
gonads produce?
sex cells called gametes–sperm and ova
secondary sex organs provide?
route by which sex cell unite
men: epididymis, vas def, protate, etc
women: FTs, vagina, uterus, external genitalia, etc
how many chromosomes in cell dna
22
gametes have how many chromosomes
22 + X o Y
total=23
who determines the sex of baby
father
what week of gestation will the embryo differentiate into male or female
6-7th week
what week does testosterone secretion begin
8th week
SYR gene is only present in?
males—sex determination region on the Y chromosome
SRY gene produces
testes-determining factor–which will produce male gonads
when can you determine via US the sex of fetus
15-16th week the EARLIEST
general causes of AUB
MCC?
structural issues
- polps
- adenomyosis
- leiomyoma (fibroids)
- malignancy
non-structual issues
- coagulopathy
- ovulatory
- endometrial
- iatrogenic
MCC=lack of ovulation (90%)
when AUB is caused by anovulation, it is called?
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
in a normal cycle, what causes the proliferation of endometrium
estrogen secreted from follicle
what acts on endometrium to limit growth and cause changes in vasculature of endmetrium–which limits bleeding during menses
proegsteorne
describe progesterones effect on proliferating endometrium
- limit growth
- cause changes in vasculature of endometrium
* *all of which limits bleeding during menses
what happens if a follicle forms but never releases the ovum?
follicle will continue to produce estrogen—->encouraging proliferation beyond normal 14 days
*****no progesterone is being produces
what happens when there is no progesterone produced bc no ovulation occured
no progesterone=inhibiting the thickened endometrium from shedding in a predictable fashion w/o excessive blood loss
what happens without ovulation (3)
- flow becomes irregular–>Metrorrhagia
- menorrhagia—>excessive bleeding
- Menometrorrhagia–>both excessive + irregular flow
define the following:
- metrorrhagia
- Menorrhagia
- Menometrorrhagia
- irregular flow
- excessive flow
- both excessive + irregular flow