Obesity

Question 1

What is obesity?

Answer 1

A disease characterised by abnormal weight gain, carrying the risk of further disease

Question 2

What makes up energy expenditure?

Answer 2

Adaptive thermogenesis
- shivering etc

Physical activity

Obligatory energy expenditure

Question 3

Do Asian people have the same BMI variables?

Answer 3

No, it starts earlier, not too sure why

Question 4

What is a disease of aging?

Answer 4

In terms of obesity, means that obesity increases as age does

Question 5

How does obesity vary in social classes?

Answer 5

The poorer tend to be more obese

Question 6

In which age group is obesity highest?

Answer 6

55-64

Question 7

Which ethnic group has the highest BMI?

Answer 7

Caucasian and Bangladeshi

Question 8

Which genes are expressed in the CNS, responsible for malnutrition protection?

Answer 8

Anabolic

• Dopamine
• Neuropeptide Y

Catabolic

• GLP-1
• POMC
• Leptin receptor
• CRH

Question 9

List some effects of obesity

Answer 9

Depression
Stroke
Sleep apnoea
Gallstones
Infertility
Osteoarthritis
Gout
Hypertension

Question 10

Which disease is most strongly associated with obesity?

Answer 10

T2DM - steep rise in insulin-resistant cells

-

Question 11

What are the two types of obesity? Why do they differ?

Answer 11

Apple - android
Pear - gynoid

Depends on where fat is stored

• internally, associated with viscera
• outer

Question 12

how does insulin need change as waist circumference increases?

Answer 12

It too increases

Question 13

What are the impacts of a 10% weight loss?

Answer 13

Huge fall in risks

• 15pc LP reduction
• 30pc TG reduction
• 10pc loss of cholesterol

Question 14

How should obesity be managed?

Answer 14

Diet
Exercise 
Behaviour therapy
Drugs
Surgery

Long term management should consist of lifestyle management, followed by potential use of drugs and then if REALLY needed, surgery