Obesity Flashcards
def
excess body fat
the WHO commonly state that a BMI >30kg/m2 is defined as obesity
what is BMI
body mass index
[weight in kg]/[height in m]^2
what are the categories for BMI
<18.5 - underweight 18.5-25 - normal 25-30 - overweight 30-40 - obese >40 - morbidly obese
in asian indians
18.5-23 - normal
23-25 - overweight
>25 - obese
aetiology
calorie intake>calorie expenditure
associated factors include:
1 genetics
2 behavioural such as poor diet, larger portion sizes, increasingly sedentary lifestyle
3 culture + environment such as beliefs about beauty and body image, eating habits, lifestyle, and factors such as low socioeconomic level
4 hormone
what disturbances to the endocrine system can result in obesity
1 hypothyroidism
2 hypercortisolism (Cushings)
3 insulinoma
epi
levels of overweight and obese people are rising
risk factors
hypothyroidism
hypercorticolism or corticosteroid therapy
history
I’ve eaten lots of pies and now I can’t fit into my skinny jeans
examination
height and weight taken to determine BMI
if BMI >30 this is defined as obesity
what is the relevance of the waist to hip ratio
indicates central fat distribution and may be a better indicator of insulin resistance than BMI
what does obesity increase the risk of
T2DM CVD HTN hyperlipidaemia GORD cancer
what waist circumference is associated with increases risk of HTN, T2DM, hyperlipidaemia
men >102cm
women >88cm
investigations
made on clinical examination
BMI >30
