Obesity Flashcards
BMI
Body Mass Index is calculated by kg/m^2 or lb/in^2 x 703
BMI
Body Mass Index is calculated by kg/m^2 or lb/in^2 x 703
Waist circumference
High risk is defined by >102 cm (40 in) for males and >88 cm (35 in) for females
Underweight BMI (adults)
Normal BMI (adults)
18.5-24.9; least risk of developing health problems
Overweight BMI (adults)
25.0-29.9; increased risk of developing health problems
Obese (adults)
Class I: 30-34.9; high risk of developing health problems.
Class II: 35-39.9; very high risk of developing health problems
Class III: >40; extremely high risk of developing health problems
Underweight (children)
Less than the 5th percentile
Healthy weight (children)
5th percentile to less than 85th percentile
Overweight (children)
85th percentile to less than 95th percentile
Obese (children)
Equal to or greater than 95th percentile
Severe obesity (children)
99th percentile
Waist circumference
High risk is defined by >102 cm (40 in) for males and >88 cm (35 in) for females
Underweight BMI (adults)
Normal BMI (adults)
18.5-24.9; least risk of developing health problems
Causes of obesity
Genetics, sleeping, microbiomes, toxins, viruses, night eating syndrome, culture (walkability, stress, activity level)
Obese (adults)
Class I: 30-34.9; high risk of developing health problems.
Class II: 35-39.9; very high risk of developing health problems
Class III: >40; extremely high risk of developing health problems
Recommended weight gain in pregnancy
For BMI 30, 11-20 lbs
Healthy weight (children)
5th percentile to less than 85th percentile
Overweight (children)
85th percentile to less than 95th percentile
Obese (children)
Equal to or greater than 95th percentile
Severe obesity (children)
99th percentile
Pediatric obesity
Being overweight or obese affects 1/3rd of all children or adolescents from all racial and socioeconomic backgrounds
Childhood obesity
Childhood obesity is mostly established before the age of 5. In 2016, childhood obesity rates haven’t increased but severe obesity is increasing.
Cost of obesity
About 10% of medical costs; many hidden costs too such as the energy to produce the food and package it, and transport it
Obesity v. smoking
In 2010, obesity surpassed smoking in quality adjusted life years lost
Causes of obesity
Genetics, sleeping, microbiomes, toxins, viruses, culture
Metabolic programming
Environmental and nutritional influences at critical periods of development; include maternal body weight and a high protein diet in infancy and childhood
Maternal weight gain
Excessive weight gain happens in 24% of normal weight women nd 56% of obese women. No additional calories in the first trimester but an additional 350-450 calories in the 2nd and 3rd trimester
