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Lifespan > Obesity > Flashcards

Obesity Flashcards

1
Q

Overweight BMI

A

BMI 25-29.9

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2
Q

Morbidly Obese BMI

A

> 40

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3
Q

Underweight BMI

A
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4
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5 - 24.9

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5
Q

Etiology of Obesity

A

Storage of excess body fat due to imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure over an extending period of time

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6
Q

Obesity influenced by…

A

Genes (some don’t sense being full as easily as others)

Metabolic/physical

Behavioral/social/cultural

Environmental

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7
Q

Adverse Health Consequences of Overweight and Obese Adults

A 
HTN
Dyslipidemia
Type 2 diabetes
CAD
CHF
Stroke
Gallbladder disease
OA
Sleep apnea and respiratory problems
Some cancers (endometrial, breast, prostate, colon)
Depression
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8
Q

Cardiac workload

A

Greater for obese individuals at any given level of activity

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9
Q

Metabolic syndrome

Primary risk factors

A

Central (abdominal) obesity

Insulin resistance

Waist circumference has a stronger correlation to health risks associated with metabolic syndrome than either BMI or percent body fat

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10
Q

MS

Presence of 3 or more of the following

A

Elevated waist circumference

Elevated triglycerides

Reduced HDL

Elevated BP

Elevated fasting glucose

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11
Q

Elevated waist circumference

A

Men > 40

Women > 35

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12
Q

Elevated triglycerides

A

Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL

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13
Q

Reduced HDL

A

Men

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14
Q

Elevated BP

A

Equal to or greater than 130/85

OR

Use of medication for HTN

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15
Q

Elevated fasting glucose

A

Equal to or greater than 100

OR

Use of medication for hyperglycemia

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16
Q

Bio electrical impedance

A

You can’t be lying down for more than 2-5 min

If you drink a lot of water, it will mix up the results

17
Q

Interventions for Obesity

A 
Nutrition
PA/exercise
Behavior modification/lifestyle change
Medication
Surgery
18
Q

Weight loss goals

A

Modest target weight loss of 10% body weight

Rate of 1 to 2 lbs per week

19
Q

Benefits of PA

A

Help control weight

Lower BP

Raise HDL

Reduce diabetes risk

Improves self-esteem

20
Q

Recommendations for PA

A

Children and adolescents should do 60 min or more of PA each day

21
Q

Adults Need at Least…

A

2 hours and 30 min of mod-int aerobic activity every week

2 or more days a week or strengthening all major mm groups

OR

1 hour 15 min of vigorous-int aerobic activity every week

2 or more days a week of strengthening all major mm groups

OR

Equivalent mix of mod- and vig-int aerobic activity and mm-strengthening activities on 2+ days a week that work all major mm groups

22
Q

Mode recommendations

A

Aerobic
Strengthening/resistance exercise
Flexibility exercise
Balance exercise

23
Q

Intensity recommendations

A

Start low intensity and gradually increase to moderate intensity

Gradually increase duration and frequency

24
Q

Most successful exercise program

A

Moderate intensity

Long duration

Performed frequently

Interesting/fun

25
Q

Childhood obesity

A

Excess weight is the most common health problem facing children

26
Q

BMI in Children and Adolescents

A

Age and sex specific

95th percentile and above considered obese

27
Q

Every hour of TV associated with

A

2% increased risk in obesity

28
Q

Percentage obese at age 6

A

50% into adulthood

29
Q

Percentage obese at age 10

A

80% into adulthood

30
Q

Causes of childhood obesity

A

Energy intake > energy expenditure

Endocrine

Hormonal

Genetic

31
Q

Conditions associated with overweight/obesity in children

A

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Blount’s disease

Slipped Capitol Femoral Ephiphysis

32
Q

Obese children more likely to have…

A

High BP

High cholesterol

Increased risk of glucose intolerance

Breathing problems, such as apnea and asthma

Joint problems

MSK discomfort

Greater risk of social and psychological problems

33
Q

Nutritional interventions

Childhood obesity

A

Education
Changes in advertising
Healthy school lunches
Adequate varied health food choices

34
Q

Exercise recommendations

Childhood Obesity

A

Increased rec activities
Organized sports
Adequate PE in school
Decreased sedentary screen time

35
Q

Good Exercises for Child 8 and Younger

A

Take child to park or zoo

Play ball in the backyard

Walk dog with child

Try to take child walking before dinner

Encourage your child to take part in sports they like

Marching in place, prancing, jumping rope, jumping jacks, skipping, running backwards, jumping on a mini trampoline

Walking, skipping, cycling, using a scooter, running

Kicking, throwing, hitting

Playground

Gymnastics, dancing, calisthenics, martial arts at non-competitive level

36
Q

Exercises for Older Children and Teenagers

A

Competition by 9 or 10

Running

Push-ups

Abdominal curls

Step ups

Strength training using 1-10 lb weights

Teens - vigorous aerobics, NO POWER LIFTING

37
Q

Parent Encouragement to Obese Child

A

Stairs instead of elevators

Play active games at recess or after school

Walk while talking to a friend instead of sitting

Dance during lunch break

Join a school team

Go to a camp

Join a youth organization

38
Q

Obese BMI

A

BMI > 30

Lifespan (18 decks)

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