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Obesity Flashcards

1
Q

how many deaths per year from obesity

A

300,000

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2
Q

in 2010 how many states were over 30% obese

A

12 states

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3
Q

what percentage of americans are obese

A

greater than 30%

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4
Q

BMI is measured in what

A

kg/m^2

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5
Q

what fat is the most harmful

A

visceral fat

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6
Q

excess fat where is linked to HTN, diabetes, heart disease

A

abdomen

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7
Q

high risk waist measurements

A

women <35 in
men < 40 in

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8
Q

inflammation caused by

A

food, external environment, internal environment

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9
Q

what are adipocytokines

A

pro and anti inflammatory factors secreted by adipocytes

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10
Q

which hormone increases food intake

A

ghrelin (receptor: GHS)

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11
Q

non-sick is what

A

simply surviving, not in a healthy state of thriving

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12
Q

what is the #1 factor that contributes to obesity

A

behavioral (genetics and environment of today)

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13
Q

examples of processed foods

A

high sodium, bad fats, high glycemic index, nutrient empty

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14
Q

three basic principles of weight loss

A

movement, nutrition, behavioral therapy

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15
Q

reducing dietary intake calories reccomendation

A

1200-1500 calories in women
1500-1800 calories in men
or
decrease by 500 to 750 calories per day or by 30% total

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16
Q

patients need how many calories per pound per day

A

10-18
10 for loss
15 for maintenance
20 for gain

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17
Q

which macronutrient has highest amount calories per gram of food

A

fat

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18
Q

macronutrients calories per gram

A

fat - 9
carb - 4
protein - 4
alcohol - 7

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19
Q

available CHO =

A

total CHO - fiber

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20
Q

daily value of _% or less is low

A

5%

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21
Q

daily value of _% or more is high

A

20%

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22
Q

empty calories are what

A

calories from solid fats or added sugars

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23
Q

solid fats are what

A

fats that are solid at room temp

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24
Q

added sugars are what

A

in processed foods

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25
physical activity goal
30 mins per day of moderate intensity activity
26
more than __% of adults do not meet the guidelines for both aerobic and muscle strengthening activities
80%
27
moderate physical activity heart rate percent
60 to 73 percent
28
vigorous physical activity heart rate percent
74 to 88 percent
29
peak heart rate is what
220-age
30
what does OARS stand for
open-ended questions affirmation reflections summaries
31
medication therapy indication
BMI >30 or > 27 with risk factors AND did not lose weight or maintain weight loss with comprehensive lifestyle intervention
32
CNS stimulants
phentermine, phendimetrazine, benzphetamine, diethylpropion
33
lipase inhibitor med
orlistat
34
opiod antagonist and dopamine/NE reuptake inhibitor
naltrexone and bupropion (Contrave)
35
who can be considered for weight loss surgery
BMI > 40 or >35 with coexisting conditions
36
gastric bypass procedure
reduces gastric volume 15-30mL food bypasses most of upper GI tract
37
sleeve gastrectomy
80-85% of stomach is removed, reduces gastric volume to tube or banana shaped pouch, irreversible
38
CDC most recent data for healthy people percentage of obesity
41.9%
39
what percent of patients successfully maintain their weight loss for 1-5 yearsq
20%
40
which hormone is weight gain
ghrelin
41
which hormone is weight loss
leptin
42
what is a trigger event
event that creates desire to lose weight
43
what is structural tension
difference in where we are and where we want to be
44
fundamental choice defines what
our state of being
45
primary choice defines what
our health goal
46
secondary choice defines what
the day to day actions we take to achieve our primary choices
47
BE SLIM
breakfast exercise support low fat meal every 3 hours individual plan monitor progress
48
what diet has decreased risk of death from cancer and reduced incidence of parkinsons
mediterranian diet
49
what does mediteranian diet focus on
plant based foods, healthy fats, more fish
50
patients that kept their weight off for at least ___ years had more than a 50% chance of not gaining it back
2
51
1 lb of muscle burns ___ calories per day at rest
50-70 lbs
52
time for body to register satiety
15-20 minutes
53
fiber target for US
25-50 grams per day
54
goals of pharmacotherapy weight loss, what percent
5-10% of initial weight over 6 months
55
initial followup period for pharmacotherapy
every month for first 3 months then every 3 months
56
melanocortin receptor agonist
setmelanotide
57
orlistat (lipase inhibitor) mechanism of action
reversibly inhibit gastric and pancreatic lipases, decreae absorption of dietary fats by 30%
58
orlistat brands
Xenical and Alli
59
when to take orlistat (lipase inhibitors)
within one hour of eating a fat containing meal
60
orlistat adverse reactions
gastrointestinal and decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamins (taking vitamins is recommended)
61
what is qsymia generic
phentermine and topiramate ER
62
qsymia MOA
phentermine = sympathomimetic topirimate = anticonvulsant
63
max dose of phentermine/topirimate
15/92 mg
64
starting dose of pentermine/topirimate
3.75/23 mg
65
qysmia is not reccommended for who
renal or hepatic impairment
66
qysmia must be distrubuted by certified pharmacies why
REMS drug due to teratogenicity
67
contrave generic is what
naltrexone and bupropion
68
max daily dose of contrave
4 tablets
69
setmelanotide brand
imcivree
70
setmelanotide class
melanocrtin (MC4) recepter antagonist
71
semelanotide dosage form
injection
72

Public Health (8 decks)

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