OB/gyn

Question 1

what are the 2 predominant types of uterine cancer

Answer 1

endometrial adenocarcinoma

Leiyomyosarcomas

Question 2

What are some risk factors for leiyomyosarcomas

Answer 2

excess estrogen exposure
tamoxifen use
black patients
prior pelvic radiation

Question 3

What can help reduce risk for Leiyomyosarcomas

Answer 3

OCPs
Smoking

Question 4

What type of cancer is a leiyomyosarcoma and where does it metastasize to

Answer 4

Rapid growing, aggressive cancer that primarily metastasizes to the lungs

Question 5

What is the most common symptom seen with the leiyomyosarcoma

Answer 5

abnormal vaginal bleeding

Question 6

What is the treatment of choice for leiyomyosarcomas

Answer 6

total hysterectomy

Question 7

What is the most common gynecological malignancy

Answer 7

Endometrial cancer

Question 8

What is the average age of dx for endometrial cancer

Answer 8

roughly 60y/o

Question 9

What is the most common endometrial cancer

Answer 9

endometrioid adenocarcinoma

Question 10

What is Lynch syndrome

Answer 10

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer

Question 11

What do those with endometrial cancer need to be screened for

Answer 11

Lynch syndrome

Question 12

What is the most common sign of endometrial cancer

Answer 12

Irregular vaginal bleeding

*if postmenopausal -> any vaginal bleeding

Question 13

What are later signs of endometrial cancer

Answer 13

pelvic pain/pressure
bloating
early satiety
increased abdominal girth

Question 14

When is endometrial cancer considered s/p PAP smear

Answer 14

Benign endometrial cells in postmenopausal women

Atypical glandular cells

Question 15

What is the mainstay workup for endometrial cancer

Answer 15

bx

Question 16

What is the tumor marker associated with endometrial cancer

Answer 16

CA-125

Question 17

What is the treatment of choice for endometrial cancer

Answer 17

hysterectomy with BSO

Question 18

What does follow up look like with endometrial cancer

Answer 18

Physical exam every 3 months for the first 2 years

Question 19

Are most vaginal cancers primary?

Answer 19

no- typically a metastasis from another cancer

Question 20

What is the most common symptoms of vaginal cancer

Answer 20

AUB

Question 21

What is a precursor for vulvar cancer

Answer 21

VaIN (vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia)

*associated with HPV

Question 22

What are some risk factors for vulvar cancer

Answer 22

Lichen sclerosis
HPV
HSV
Chronic immunosuppression

Question 23

What is the most common type of vulvar cancer

Answer 23

SCC

Question 24

What is the most common symptom of vulvar cancer

Answer 24

Pruritis
visible lesion

Question 25

What type of bx is done with vulvar cancer workups

Answer 25

Vulvoscopy (acetic acid staining)

Question 26

How do you treat vulvar cancer

Answer 26

Wide excision

Question 27

What is the leading cause of cancer related death in women

Answer 27

ovarian cancer

Question 28

What are the risk factors for ovarian cancer

Answer 28

nulliparity HRT/fertility treatment obesity diet

Question 29

What age is ovarian cancer most common

Answer 29

50-60

Question 30

What are the different histological types of ovarian cancer

Answer 30

epithelial germ cell stroll cell

Question 31

What type of ovarian cancer is most aggressive

Answer 31

Type 2 *involves BRCA 1&2 and P53

Question 32

Which BRCA gene is more associated with ovarian cancer

Answer 32

BRCA1

Question 33

How does ovarian cancer typically present

Answer 33

Typically will have a palpable mass but only in late stage *typically in stage 3 it is diagnosed

Question 34

What tumor marker is associated with ovarian cancer

Answer 34

CA-125

Question 35

How do you differentiate between benign and malignant masses in the ovaries

Answer 35

TVUS

Question 36

What is the treatment of choice for ovarian cancer

Answer 36

surgical removal of mass