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Women's Health Clin med > OB/gyn > Flashcards

OB/gyn Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 predominant types of uterine cancer

A

endometrial adenocarcinoma

Leiyomyosarcomas

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2
Q

What are some risk factors for leiyomyosarcomas

A

excess estrogen exposure
tamoxifen use
black patients
prior pelvic radiation

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3
Q

What can help reduce risk for Leiyomyosarcomas

A

OCPs
Smoking

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4
Q

What type of cancer is a leiyomyosarcoma and where does it metastasize to

A

Rapid growing, aggressive cancer that primarily metastasizes to the lungs

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5
Q

What is the most common symptom seen with the leiyomyosarcoma

A

abnormal vaginal bleeding

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6
Q

What is the treatment of choice for leiyomyosarcomas

A

total hysterectomy

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7
Q

What is the most common gynecological malignancy

A

Endometrial cancer

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8
Q

What is the average age of dx for endometrial cancer

A

roughly 60y/o

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9
Q

What is the most common endometrial cancer

A

endometrioid adenocarcinoma

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10
Q

What is Lynch syndrome

A

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer

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11
Q

What do those with endometrial cancer need to be screened for

A

Lynch syndrome

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12
Q

What is the most common sign of endometrial cancer

A

Irregular vaginal bleeding

*if postmenopausal -> any vaginal bleeding

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13
Q

What are later signs of endometrial cancer

A

pelvic pain/pressure
bloating
early satiety
increased abdominal girth

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14
Q

When is endometrial cancer considered s/p PAP smear

A

Benign endometrial cells in postmenopausal women

Atypical glandular cells

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15
Q

What is the mainstay workup for endometrial cancer

A

bx

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16
Q

What is the tumor marker associated with endometrial cancer

A

CA-125

17
Q

What is the treatment of choice for endometrial cancer

A

hysterectomy with BSO

18
Q

What does follow up look like with endometrial cancer

A

Physical exam every 3 months for the first 2 years

19
Q

Are most vaginal cancers primary?

A

no- typically a metastasis from another cancer

20
Q

What is the most common symptoms of vaginal cancer

A

AUB

21
Q

What is a precursor for vulvar cancer

A

VaIN (vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia)

*associated with HPV

22
Q

What are some risk factors for vulvar cancer

A

Lichen sclerosis
HPV
HSV
Chronic immunosuppression

23
Q

What is the most common type of vulvar cancer

A

SCC

24
Q

What is the most common symptom of vulvar cancer

A

Pruritis
visible lesion

25
Q

What type of bx is done with vulvar cancer workups

A

Vulvoscopy (acetic acid staining)

26
Q

How do you treat vulvar cancer

A

Wide excision

27
Q

What is the leading cause of cancer related death in women

A

ovarian cancer

28
Q

What are the risk factors for ovarian cancer

A

nulliparity
HRT/fertility treatment
obesity
diet

29
Q

What age is ovarian cancer most common

A

50-60

30
Q

What are the different histological types of ovarian cancer

A

epithelial
germ cell
stroll cell

31
Q

What type of ovarian cancer is most aggressive

A

Type 2
*involves BRCA 1&2 and P53

32
Q

Which BRCA gene is more associated with ovarian cancer

A

BRCA1

33
Q

How does ovarian cancer typically present

A

Typically will have a palpable mass but only in late stage

*typically in stage 3 it is diagnosed

34
Q

What tumor marker is associated with ovarian cancer

A

CA-125

35
Q

How do you differentiate between benign and malignant masses in the ovaries

A

TVUS

36
Q

What is the treatment of choice for ovarian cancer

A

surgical removal of mass

Women's Health Clin med (13 decks)

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