Menstrual cycle Flashcards
What is the menstrual cycle controlled by
GnRH from hypothalamus
FSH/LF from ant. pituitary
estrogen ,testosterone, progesterone
What are the main types of contraception
Long acting reversible contraceptives
short acting hormonal methods
Barrier method
emergency contraception
sterilization
What are examples of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs)
IUD
Rods
*implantables
What are examples of short-acting hormonal methods
Medications
vaginal rings
injectibles
patches
What are examples of barrier methods of contraception
condoms (male and female)
spermicide
cervical cap
diaphragm
contraceptive sponge
What are examples of emergency contraceptives
Copper IUD
Plan B
What is natural family planning
no hormones, devices, or procedures involved
What is contraception made up of
Either estrogen + progesterone
or
Progesterone alone
What are non-hormonal contraceptives
Copper IUD
Diaphragm
Cervical cap
What are the side effects of estrogen
Nausea
headache
elevated BP
wt gain
VTE risk
dyslipidemia
What are side effects of progesterone
hirsutism
acne
menstrual irregularities
spotting
wt. gain
changes in BMD
What are some contraindications for estrogen containing contraception
history of VTE / hypercoaguable
Smokers >35
hx of breast cancer
abnormal vaginal bleeding
<30days PP
breast feeding
stoke hx
migraines
How long do copper IUDs last
12 years
How long do hormonal IUDs last
3-5 years
What are the side effects of copper IUDs
heavier menstruation
cramping
What are the side effects of hormonal IUD
light to no menstruation
reduced cramping
How long to nexplanon/implanon last
3-5 years
What are the side effects of nexplanon
Pain with insertion
site reactions
How long does it take for fertility to return with depo shots
12-18 months
What are some side effects of depo
weight gain
decreased libido
irregular menstruation
decreased BMD
What are contraindications for patch contraception
VTE
HTN
MI
Stroke
DM
liver disease
breast cancer
HCV
How quickly do contraception patches need to be changed
weekly
What is the difference in all the oral contraceptives
Can be monophonic, biphasic, triphasic
*effects the dose of hormones throughout the month
-can be high or low estrogen
what hormone is used with emergency contraception
progestin R modulator to prevent ovulation
*needs to be taken within 3 days
