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applied rehab 2 > OA > Flashcards

OA Flashcards

1
Q

which part is affected by the OA?

A

loss of cartilage

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2
Q

OA it is an autoimmune system
true or false?

A

false, non-autoimmune system

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3
Q

natural aging of the joint is ?

A

primary OA type

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4
Q

what happens with aging?

A
  • the water content of the cartilage increases
  • the protein makeup of cartilage degenerates.
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5
Q
  • obesity,
  • repeated trauma
  • surgery to the joint structures
  • congenital abnormalities
  • gout
  • diabetes
    are related to?
A

secondary type of OA which is caused by another disease

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6
Q

Primary OA affects more women after 45 years old

while secondary OA affects more men before 45 years old

true or false?

A

true

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7
Q

how many stages of OA are?

A

4 stages

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8
Q

the 1st stage of OA, cartilage loss is 20%
true or false?

A

false, 10%

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9
Q

joint space narrowing, cartilage begins to break down, and formation of osteophytes are all related to which stage of OA?

A

2nd

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10
Q

what is the 3rd stage of OA?

A

moderate joint space reduction.
gaps in the cartilage can expand until they reach the bone.

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11
Q

large osteophytes and 60% of cartilage loss are seen with stage 4 of OA
true or false?

A

true

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12
Q

OA is
1- acute, has cure
2- doesn’t effect other organs
which one is wrong?

A

1- acute, has cure
correct: OA is chronic, doesn’t have cure

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13
Q

what deformities we can see with OA?

A

Gen varus
Heberden’s nodes
CMC joint of the thumb with MCP subluxation

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14
Q

People with joints that move or fit together incorrectly, such
as bow leg, a dislocated hip, or double-jointedness, are
more likely to?

A

develop OA

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15
Q

what are te symptoms of OA?

A

pain after repetitive use of a joint
crunching feeling
morning stiffness less than 30 min
swelling or tenderness

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16
Q

for early in the disease the joints may ache after exercise

for late in the disease the joints ache even at rest

true or false?

A

true

17
Q

Bouchard’s node affects?

A

PIP joints

18
Q

Heberden’s Node affects?

A

DIP joints

19
Q

skin nodules can be seen in OA
true or false?

A

false, no skin nodules with OA

20
Q

Hand pain, aching, or stifness and 3 or 4 of the following
features:
* Hard tissue enlargement of 2 or more of 10 selected joints
* Hard tissue enlargement of 2 or more DIP joints
* Fewer than 3 swollen MCP joints
* Deformity of at least 1 of 10 selected joints

are all related to?

A

classification criteria of the hand OA

21
Q

what is the Classification Criteria for OA of the Hip?

A

Hip pain plus at least two of the following:
* ESR of less than 20mm per hour
* Femoral or acetabular osteophytes on radiographs
* Joint space narrowing on radiographs

22
Q

what is the Classification Criteria for OA of the Knee?

A

Knee pain plus osteophytes on radiographs and at least one of
the following:
* Patient age older than 50 years
* Morning stiffness lasting 30 min or less
* Crepitus on motion

23
Q

Heat * Cold * Water * Pressure * Sound * Electrical current
all can be used as?

A

physical agents of OA

24
Q

give examples of superficial heat agents

A

1- radiant heat= infrared
2- conductive heat= hot packs and paraffin bath
3- hydrotherapy= whirlpool and Hubbard tank

25
Q

short wave diathermy and ultrasound are?

A

deep heat agents

26
Q

with the treatment of OA we can?

A
  • Modulate pain
  • Reduce or eliminate inflammation
  • Increase rate of healing
  • Modify muscle tone
  • Increase connective tissue extensibility
27
Q

what are the contraindication for ice?

A
  • Cold hypertensives
  • Raynaud’s disease
  • Regenerating peripheral
    nerves
28
Q
  • Over superficial main
    branches of nerve
  • Peroneal nerve
  • Open wounds
  • Poor sensation
    are all?
A

precautions of cold

29
Q

what are the contra indications of heat?

A
  • Pregnancy
  • Acute inflammotory conditions
  • Active Cancer
  • Active bleeding
  • Patients with cardiac insufficiency
  • Extremly old adults and children less than 4 years old
  • Patients with peripheral vascular disease
  • Tissues that are devitalized by x-ray theraphy
  • Already existing fever
30
Q
  • Already existing edeme
  • Patients with sensory loss
  • Patients who are confused
    are ?
A

precautions of heat agents

31
Q

what are the primary, secondary, and tertiary effects of low-level laser therapy??

A

Primary Effects
- Similar to effects of Infrared therapy

Secondary Effects
- Cell proliferation, protein synthesis, growth factor secretion, neurotransmitter modification

Tertiary Effects
- System effects; Increase immune response, stimulate bone healing

32
Q

ultrasound has high frequency sounds wave and has nonthermal effect
true or false?

A

false, has thermal effect

33
Q

Therapeutic ultrasound frequency used is?

A

0.7-3.3 hz

34
Q

maximum energy absorption in soft tissue is 2 to 5 cm.
true or false?

A

true

35
Q

in ultrasound Intensity increases as the waves penetrate deeper.
true or false?

A

false, intensity decreases

36
Q

ultrasound waves are absorbed primarily by?

A

connective tissue:
ligaments, tendons, and fascia (and also by scar tissue)

37
Q

what awe use for pain control?

A

tens and interferential

38
Q

for iontophoresis we use(Direct Current)
true or false?

A

true

39
Q

NMES is used for?

A

muscle stimulation

applied rehab 2 (11 decks)

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