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applied rehab 2 > low back pain > Flashcards

low back pain Flashcards

1
Q

Pain that occurs posteriorly in the region between ?

A

the lower rib margin and the proximal thighs

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2
Q

Acute low back pain
less than 6 weeks

Sub-acute low back pain
between 6 and 12 weeks

Chronic low back pain
12 weeks or more

which one is wrong?

A

all of them are true

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3
Q

list the types of lBP

A

Non-specific low back pain

Sciatic pain

Back pain caused by ageing of the discs in spine

Spinal stenosis

Pregnancy-related low back pain

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4
Q

disc in spine bulges out of its normal shape and presses on a nerve is called as?

A

prolapsed disc

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5
Q

degenerative disc disease is caused by?

A

ageing of the discs in your spine

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6
Q

When the space around spinal cord narrows
and putting pressure on spinal cord
is seen as?

A

spinal stenosis

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7
Q

what are the causes of LBP?

A

Muscle strain
Ligament sprain
Poor posture
Age
Disc bulge or herniation

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8
Q

1-______can be injured with a sudden, forceful movement or prolonged stress

2-Strains occur when a _____ is overworked or weak

fill in the blanks

A

1- ligaments
2- muscle

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9
Q

Normal aging causes decreased

A

bone density, strength and elasticity of muscles and ligaments.

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10
Q

Disk Bulge or Herniation, This generally responds well to a strengthening and stretching program and always requires surgery

true or false?

A

false, rarely requires surgery

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11
Q

what are the other causes for LBP?

A

Bladder/kidney infection

Endometriosis

Cancer

Ovarian problems

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12
Q

Muscle StrainorMuscle Spasms

Spinal Disc Injury

Compression fractures egOsteoporosis

Sciatica

Spine Cancer
are?

A

Sudden Low Back Pain Causes

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13
Q

Infection of the spine (osteomyelitis, discitis)
Kidney infection or kidney stones
Spondyloarthropathies: egrheumatoid arthritis,psoriatic arthritis.
Female reproductive organs: eg pregnancy complications, ovarian cysts or cancer, endometriosis

are all?

A

Non-Musculoskeletal Causes of Low Back Pain

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14
Q

list the Spinal Causes of Low Back Pain

A

Spesific Spinal Pathologies

Radicular Pathologies
Radicular pain (sciatica)
Radiculopathy
Spinal stenosis

Non-spesific low back pain

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15
Q

1 Inspection of back and posture (ie. Scoliosis, kyphosis)
2 Range of motion
3 Palpation of the spine (vertebral tenderness sensitive for infection)
4 If high suspicion of malignancy, do a breast/prostate/lymph node exam
5 Peripheral pulses to distinguish from vascular claudication

only first three can be done as an physical examination for LBP
true or false?

A

false, all of them can be examined as physical examination

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16
Q

which test we can do for those with sciatica or spinal stenosis symptoms?

A

straight leg test

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17
Q

in SLR test, Elevation of less than 60 degrees abnormal and suggests ?

A

compression or irritation of nerve roots

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18
Q

Ipsilateral straight leg raises sensitive and specific for herniated disk.
true or false?

A

false, it is not specific for herniated disk

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19
Q

when symptoms of sciatica reproduced?

A

when opposite leg is raised, crossed leg

20
Q

Crossed straight leg raise is insensitive and highly specific
true or false?

A

true

21
Q

L5 and S1 which one is for plantarflexion and the other is dorsiflexion Neurologic examination?

A

L5 is ankle and great toe dorsiflexion.
s1 is plantar flexion, ankle reflex

22
Q

numbness medial foot and web space between 1st and 2nd toes

lateral foot/ankle

which Dermatomal sensory loss is for L5 and the other for S1?

A

L5, numbness medial foot and web space between 1st and 2nd toes

S1, lateral foot/ankle

23
Q

L4 which motor weakness will effect?

A

extension of quadriceps

24
Q

list the screening examination for
L4
L5
S1

A

L4, squat and rise
L5, heel walking
S1, walking on toes

25
Q

L4 nerve root has knee jerk reflex
S1 nerve root has ankle jerk reflex
true or false?

A

true

26
Q

for imaging AP and lateral L-spine if no clinical improvement after 6-8 weeks
true or false?

A

false, after 4-6 weeks

27
Q

how can we treat LBP?

A

REST

ICE

NSAIDs

EARLY EXERCISE

POSITIONING

28
Q

for rest we should avoid?

A

prolonged sitting,
driving,
bending,
heavy lifting and
twisting

29
Q

Ice applied to the low back for 15 minutes every 1 – 2 hours is helpful in reducing pain and spasm

true or false?

A

true

30
Q

aspirin,
advil,
aleve,
ibuprofen or
naproxen sodium.
are?

A

Anti-inflammatory medication

31
Q

forcefully exercises for mobility and stretching (especially the muscles of the legs and back) can help decrease the severity, duration and recurrence of low back pain
true or false?

A

false, gentle exercises

32
Q

how we can position the pillow during sleeping?

A

supine- 1-2 pillows under knees
prone- if too painful put one or 2 pillows under hips
sideling- pillow between ur knees

33
Q

list some basic exercises for LBP

A

hamstring stretching, 2-3 times

hip flexors stretching

single knee to chest, hold for 1 min

prone up on elbows , hold 30 sec repeat 2 times

pelvic tilt, hold 10 sec repeat 10 times

tail wag, repeat 10-15 times

cat and camel, repeat 10-15 times

lumbar rotation, repeat 10-15 times

34
Q

how many phases of LBP treatment we have?

A

4 phases

35
Q

Back Pain Relief & Protection
Restoring Full Function
Restoring Normal ROM and Strength. Early Back Exercises
Back Exercises - Preventing a Recurrence

list the above phases in order

A

phase one- back pain relief and protection
phase 2- restoring normal ROM and strength with early back exercises
phase 3- restoring full function
phase 4- back exercises preventing reoccurrence

36
Q

reduce pain and inflammation

ice, electrotherapy, acupuncture, de-loading taping techniques, soft tissue massage.

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

are for treatment of LBP in phase 2
true or false?

A

false, phase one

37
Q

restoring normal lumbar spine motion, muscle length and resting tension, muscle strength and endurance, proprioception, balance and gait (walking pattern).

The Lumbar/Core Strength and Stability Program

are related to which phase?

A

phase 2- restoring normal ROM and strength

38
Q

in The Lumbar/Core Strength and Stability Program

Flexibility should be done at least _______ times a week, and the strengthening section should be done ______ times a week

fill in the blank

A

5 times a week,
3-4 times a week

39
Q

what flexibility exercises we can do for LBP?

A

quadriceps stretch
hip flexors stretch
adductor stretch
hamstring stretch
dynamic hamstring stretch
sidelying ITB stretch + C stretch for ITB
glute stretch
prayer , cat and camel

40
Q

list the easy strengthening exercises

A

supine hip twist on Swiss ball
supine abdominal draw in
abdominal draw in with knee to chest
abdominal draw in with heel slide
abdominal draw in with double knee to chest
supine twist
prone bridge on elbows
sidle lying bridge on elbows
press up
prone cobra
superman
quadruped position
supine but lift with arms at side
supine butt lift with arms crossed
supine single leg but lift
supine single leg marching
abdominal draw in seated on Swiss ball
abdominal draw in seated on Swiss ball marching

41
Q

abdominal draw in with feet on the ball
abdominal draw in with feet on the ball - add movement
supine dead bugs
rolling like a ball
prone bridging on elbows with one leg extension
side lying bridging with one leg abducted
quadruped opposite arm/ leg
abdominal crunches on physioball
abdominal crunches on physioball with rotation
bridging with head in physioball
supine bridging on phsioball
abdominal draw in seated with leg extension

these strengthening exercises are difficult or medium?

A

medium exercises

42
Q

prone bridging around the world
quadruped half foam rollers
side bridging with hip flexion- abduction or extension movement
seated Russian twist with medicine ball or seated on physio ball
bridging with head on Swiss ball with one leg extension

these are which level of exercises?

A

difficult strengthening exercises

43
Q

Work
Sport or activities of daily living
Walking
Swimming
Pilates
Yoga
Dancing

are achieved with the third level of LBP treatment
true or false?

A

true

44
Q

Health promotion
Mental health

Protective procedures
Communicable disease control

Monitoring and regulation of environmental pollutants
which kind of prevention?

A

primary prevention

45
Q

what is secondary prevention?

A

The prevention of recurrences or exacerbations of a disease that already has been diagnosed

46
Q

Measures aimed at providing appropriate supportive and rehabilitative services to minimize morbidity and maximize quality of life after a long-term disease or injury is present

is an?

A

Tertiary prevention

applied rehab 2 (11 decks)

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