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Medical Speech Pathology - Blanton > O16 Brain Matter > Flashcards

O16 Brain Matter Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What makes up the majority of the brain?

A

Gray matter.

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2
Q

What does gray matter consist of?

A

Unmyelinated fibers (neuron cell bodies)

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3
Q

What does a neuron consist of?

A

Cell body, dendrites, and a single axon.

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4
Q

Neurons communicate through _________.

A

Synapses

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5
Q

What is an axon?

A

The structure that interacts at the synapse.

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6
Q

What do axons synapse with?

A

DENDRITES! (Never with other axons)

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7
Q

What does the cell body consist of?

A

Nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles.

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8
Q

What do dendrites receive?

A

INCOMING (afferent) information.

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9
Q

T/F: gray matter moves information faster.

A

FALSE - white matter moves information faster because it is made up of myelinated fibers and is a more direct path.

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10
Q

What are the branches of a dendrite?

A

Dendritic spines

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11
Q

What is white matter?

A

pathways made up of mostly myelinated neurons, which move information faster.

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12
Q

What is located at the end of the axon?

A

A terminal bouton (axon sends messages with this)

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13
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A

The chemicals that travel from the axon to the receiving cell; the chemical soup that is governed by our genetics that determines everything that we do.

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14
Q

The brain is a ________ _________.

A

Pattern seeker

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15
Q

T/F - neurons live as long as the person does.

A

True.

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16
Q

What are glia cells?

A

support structures/scaffolding that hold the neurons together in the brain.

17
Q

What are glial cells, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, made up of?

A

Lipid content (fat)

18
Q

What are white matter pathways?

A

bundles of fibers that travel in the CNS that carry electrical impulses.

19
Q

What are the three white matter pathways?

A

Fascicle - individual fiber
Fasciculus - bundle of fibers
Funiculus - bundle of fasciculi

20
Q

What are six BIG white matter pathways?

A 
capsule
brachium
column
tract
peduncle
lemniscus

Medical Speech Pathology - Blanton (21 decks)

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