COMPS Study Guide- Orofacial Dev't (O2)

Question 1

When does palatal development begin?

Answer 1

at 6 weeks gestation.

Question 2

Orofacial development: What is “merging” and “fusion”?

Answer 2

Merging: face develops in halves and the halves grow towards each other.

Fusion: The facial structures come together. The palate is formed through fusion.

Question 3

What kind of joint forms the palate?

Answer 3

a synarthrodial joint (a strong, immovable joint)

Question 4

When does the palate fuse?

Answer 4

Between the 8th and 9th week. The palate MUST be fused by week 9!

Question 5

What are the “branchial arches,” and when do they start forming?

Answer 5

The primordial remnants of gills. Begin forming at 27-28 days gestation.

Question 6

How many pairs of branchial arches are there in humans?

Answer 6

Five- Mandibular arch, Hyoid arch, Thyrohyoid arch, + two more nondistinct, unnamed arches.

Question 7

Name the 6 types of cleft.

Answer 7

cleft lip
cleft alveolus
cleft of primary palate
cleft of secondary palate
submucous cleft
complete cleft- unilateral or bilateral.

Question 8

What are the bones of the hard palate?

Answer 8

1. premaxilla (of primary palate)
2. palatine process of maxilla (secondary palate)
3. palatine bones (secondary palate)
4. soft palate

Question 9

What are the types of teeth?

Answer 9

incisors, cuspids (canines), bicuspids, & molars

Question 10

What does an occlusion tell you about?

Answer 10

the anterior-posterior molar relationship

Question 11

What is a normal occlusion ?

Answer 11

The top molar should be slightly behind the bottom molar.

Question 12

what is a class I occlusion?

Answer 12

teeth may be crooked but molar relationship is normal.

Question 13

what is a class II occlusion?

Answer 13

An overbite. The maxilla is too far forward in relationship to the mandible.

Question 14

What is a class III occlusion?

Answer 14

The maxilla is retrograde (too far behind the mandible)

Question 15

What is the typical bite of a child with cleft?

Answer 15

class III (retrograde maxilla- maxilla too far behind mandible)

Question 16

a) What is a crossbite?

b) What is a lingual crossbite and population is it common in?

Answer 16

The lateral relationship of the molars is incorrect.

Lingual crossbite = Upper molars are collapsed towards the tongue. Common in cleft palate.

Question 17

What is an “overjet?”

Answer 17

Top 4 teeth are to far in front of bottom teeth, and cover bottom teeth.

Question 18

Levator veli palatini works with tensor veli palatini at the midline raphe for Eustachian tube ________.

Answer 18

function (to lift the soft palate)

Question 19

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle takes part in ________ closure.

Answer 19

velopharyngeal port

Question 20

list the muscles of the palate.

Answer 20

levator veli palatini
superior pharyngeal constrictor
musculus uvulae
tensor veli palatini

Question 21

What is the “Rule of Tens?”

Answer 21

Describes the earliest you can give a baby cleft palate surgery:

10 weeks old
10lbs
10 grams of hemoglobin minimum.

Question 22

Which palatal muscle is CRITICAL for Eustachian tube function? Why?

Answer 22

Tensor veli palatini.

If tensor veli palatini does not come together to form the muscular sling, the Eustachian tube will not function correctly (ear infections).