O&G: Key points

Question 1

Women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) should be considered to have ____________ until proven otherwise.

Answer 1

Women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) should be considered to have endometrial cancer until proven otherwise.

Question 2

______________, _____________ and ________ are used to investigate PMB.

Answer 2

Endometrial thickness, endometrial biopsy and hysteroscopy are used to investigate PMB.

Question 3

Atrophic vaginitis can be treated with courses of ___________________

Answer 3

Atrophic vaginitis can be treated with courses of topical oestrogens

Question 4

Endometrial thickness less than ______ in a woman with postmenopausal bleeding reduces the probability of carcinoma to less than 3%.

Answer 4

Endometrial thickness less than 4mm in a woman with postmenopausal bleeding reduces the probability of carcinoma to less than 3%.

Question 5

Adenomysosis is a cause of __________ and ___________ in older women.

Answer 5

Adenomysosis is a cause of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea in older women.

Question 6

Adenomyosis is managed by use of ________ and _______________.

Answer 6

Adenomyosis is managed by use of analgesia and hormonal suppression.

Question 7

________________ are relatively common and cause acute painful unilateral vulval swelling.

Answer 7

Bartholin’s abscesses are relatively common and cause acute painful unilateral vulval swelling.

Question 8

Pus should always be sent for culture as _____________ is isolated from up to 20 per cent of Bartholin’s abscesses.

Answer 8

Pus should always be sent for culture as gonorrhoea is isolated from up to 20 per cent of Bartholin’s abscesses.

Question 9

Any woman of reproductive age who is unwell with abdominal pain and a positive pregnancy test should be assumed to have _________________________.

Answer 9

Any woman of reproductive age who is unwell with abdominal pain and a positive pregnancy test should be assumed to have a ruptured ectopic pregnancy.

Question 10

Ultrasound is useful in detection of an adnexal mass but torsion is a clinically suspected diagnosis and necessitates __________________________________.

Answer 10

Ultrasound is useful in detection of an adnexal mass but torsion is a clinically suspected diagnosis and necessitates urgent laparoscopy or laparotomy.