O&G: Buzzwords and quickfire

Question 1

Chocolate cysts: What condition?

Answer 1

Endometrioma

Question 2

Lemon sign: What condition?

Answer 2

-

Question 3

Strawberry Cervix: What condition?

Answer 3

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Question 4

Rh negative woman, P0, 14 weeks, no other complications. Most appropriate management?

Answer 4

Anti-D at 28 weeks

Second dose at 34 weeks

////////////////////////////////// NICE recommend giving rhesus negative woman anti-D at 28 weeks followed by a second dose at 34 weeks

Question 5

Key features of endometriosis?

Answer 5

• Cyclical abdominal pain
• Deep dyspareunia.
• It can be associated with fertility problems.

Question 6

Key features of Pelvic Inflammatory disease?

Answer 6

• Can also cause sub-fertility
• Dyspareunia and pelvic pain,

(Not typically associated with menstruation)

Question 7

Typical presentation of Cervical Cancer?

Answer 7

• Post-coital bleeding
• Inter-menstrual bleeding

Question 8

Gold standard investigation for endometriosis?

Answer 8

laparoscopy is the gold-standard investigation

Question 9

Endometriosis management?

Answer 9

NSAIDs and/or paracetamol for symptoms

2nd line: The combined oral contraceptive pill or progestogens e.g. medroxyprogesterone acetate

If these aren’t effective move to secondary care: GnRH, Surgery

Question 10

Baseline fetal bradycardia: Causes?

Answer 10

• Increased fetal vagal tone
• Maternal beta-blocker use

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Heart rate < 100 /min

Question 11

Baseline fetal tachycardia: Causes?

Answer 11

• Maternal pyrexia
• Chorioamnionitis
• Hypoxia
• Prematurity

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Heart rate > 160 /min

Question 12

Loss of baseline variability on CTG: Causes?

Answer 12

Prematurity, hypoxia

• Or foetal acidosis
• Some meds (eg benzos, but not paracetamol)

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< |5| beats / min

Question 13

Early deceleration on CTG. Causes?

Answer 13

Normally innocuous but can indicate head compression

Question 14

Late deceleration on CTG. Causes?

Answer 14

• Indicates fetal distress
• e.g. asphyxia or placental insufficiency

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Deceleration of the heart rate which lags the onset of a contraction and does not returns to normal until after 30 seconds following the end of the contraction

Question 15

Variable decelerations on CTG. Causes?

Answer 15

-May indicate cord compression

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Independent of contractions

Question 16

Endometriosis within the myometrium is called?

Answer 16

Adenomyosis

Question 17

Levonorgestrel releasing IUS. What is it?

Answer 17

An intrauterine system that releases levonorgestrel, which is a progestogen.

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Progestogen is basically a progestorne analogue/ agonist