Nx 100 Ch 27

Question 1

2 types of microorganisms

Answer 1

nonpathogens - resident/normal flora

pathogens - transient

Question 2

6 components of an infection

Answer 2

infectious agent - bacteria, virus, etc
reservoir 
portal of exit
means of transmission  -
portal of entry
susceptible host - most overcome host defenses

Question 3

Ideal reservoir

Answer 3

environments that offer:

moisture, warmth, darkness, nourishment, and O2 (aerobic only)

Question 4

4 stages of infection

Answer 4

incubation period - no symptoms, agent reproducing
prodromal - early s&s appear; most infectious
full stage - specific s&s
convalescent - s&s disappears

Question 5

Normal WBC count

Answer 5

5000 - 10000 / mm3

Question 6

medical asepsis

Answer 6

CLEAN technique

practices that reduce the number and transfer of pathogens

Question 7

surgical aspesis

Answer 7

STERILE technique

practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms

Question 8

handwashing

Answer 8

the most effective way to help prevent the spread of organisms

Question 9

3 crucial elements to good handwashing

Answer 9

time - 15 seconds
friction
soap

Question 10

resident microorganisms

Answer 10

nonpathogenic, normal flora
found in skin creases
requires friction w/ brush to remove

Question 11

transient microorganisms

Answer 11

may be pathogens, not normal flora
attached loosely on skin
removed w/ relative ease

Question 12

sterlilization

Answer 12

destroys all microorganisms

Question 13

disinfection

Answer 13

destroys pathogens but NOT spores

Question 14

3 types of nosocomial infections

Answer 14

exogenous - acquired from other people
endogenous - occurs from microbes harbored w/in person
latrogenic - results from treatment/procedure