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Clin Med II - Nutrition > Nutritional Requiremets > Flashcards

Nutritional Requiremets Flashcards

1
Q

6 Life stages to consider with diet

A
  1. Gestation and Lactation
  2. Neonates
  3. Weaning
  4. Growth
  5. Adults
  6. Geriatric
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2
Q

Poor nutrition during gestation and lactation can lead to 2 things

A
  1. Low birth weight

2. Increased risk of neonatal mortality

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3
Q

The healthier the _______ the better chance of healthy pups and kittens

A

mom

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4
Q

Gestation lasts approximately

A

63 days

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5
Q

Moms should be switched to this diet during the last 3-4 weeks of gestation

A

Highly digestible growth diet (puppy food)

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6
Q

The method of choice for feeding a pregnant dog

A

Small, frequent meals

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7
Q

An omega 3 fatty acid that aids in brain, vision, and CNS development in the womb

A

DHA

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8
Q

During lactation, what type of diet should you feed the new mother dog

A

Growth (puppy)

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9
Q

The maternal milk that contains antibodies

A

colostrum

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10
Q

Colostrum is produced during the

A

first 24-48 hrs postpartum

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11
Q

Neonates should nurse how many times a day? When should neonates be weighed?

A

4-6 times a day

Weighed daily for the first 2 weeks

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12
Q

Puppies should gain _________ per kg of anticipated body weight

A

2-4g/day

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13
Q

Only necessary when supplementing weak or premature neonates, orphans, large litters, or when the mother is unable to produce sufficient amounts

A

Commercial milk replacers

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14
Q

This should not be offered to neonates because it could cause diarrhea and dehydration

A

Cow’s milk

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15
Q

Weaning of pups should begin at

A

3 wks

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16
Q

Thick, soupy gruel mixture that should be offered _______/day

A

Slurry; 3-4x/day

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17
Q

Pups should be completely weaned by _________ for large breeds. _______________ for small breeds.

A

5-7 weeks (lg)

6-8 weeks (sm)

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18
Q

4 special characteristics of growth formula diets

A
  1. Palatible
  2. High digestibility and increased caloric density
  3. Optimal Ca/P balance
  4. DHA
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19
Q

Pups should be weighed and evaluated every ______________ using BCS system to determine if nutritional needs are optimal.

A

2 weeks

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20
Q

The goal of feeding large breed pups

A

Decrease growth rate but reach dog’s genetic potential at maturity

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21
Q

Most common problems with feeding lg breed dogs

A

Overfeeding and Supplemetaion

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22
Q

Overfeeding and Supplementation of lg breed pups can result in

A

Obesity, hip dysplasia, and osteochondritis

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23
Q

Excess or deficiency in a large breed pup’s diet can result in

A

musculoskeletal problems

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24
Q

This vitamin is required because it regulates Ca metabolism, aids in the absorption of Ca and P, and increases bone cell activity

A

D

25
Q

Recommended feeding for large breed pups

A

Food-restricted

26
Q

Increases lean body mass, bone mass and density, and decreases the risk of obesity.

A

L-carnitine

27
Q

The ____________ of an adult dog will determine its nutritional needs

A

lifestyle

28
Q

Adulthood ranges between ________ years depending on the _____ of the dog

A

1-7

size

29
Q

Smaller dogs age ___________ than that of large breeds

A

slower

30
Q

Table scraps and treats should account for, if any, ____ of the animal’s diet

A

10%

31
Q

Food is available at all times and the animal determines how much and when to eat.
Recommended during lactation

A

Free choice

32
Q

Unlimited amount of food available for a certain period of time

A

Time-restricted meal feeding

33
Q

Specific amount of food offered at specific times during the day.
The best feeding method

A

Food restricted

34
Q

Offering a highly digestible, caloric dense food that’s higher in fat is recommended for

A

Active dogs

35
Q

Feeding an active diet when an animal is not active can lead to

A

obesity

36
Q

Small breed dogs begin their geriatric stage around ____ years. Large breeds begin their geriatric stage around ___ years.

A

7

5

37
Q

To avoid weight gain, a geriatric diet should have reduced

A

fat and calories

38
Q

Geriatric diets help reduce the workload of the cardiovascular system by having decreased levels of 3 things

A

NaCl, protein, and P

39
Q

Increased ______ and ________ for skin and coat are important in a geriatric dog food

A

Zinc

EFA’s

40
Q

An increase in this can slow intestinal transit time, improve nutrient absorption, and regulate bowel movements in geriatric dogs

A

Fiber

41
Q

A decrease in olfactory senses and appetite should be compensated with increased ___________ and ______________ in geriatric diets

A

palatability and digestibility

42
Q

High levels of __________ helps improve clinical signs associated with osteoarthritis

A

omega-3 fatty acids

43
Q

These teeth have high tartar build up

A

Premolars and molars

44
Q

Cats are considered to be true ___________ and need a _____ protein, ___ carb diets

A

carnivores
high
low

45
Q

2 amino acids needed for cats

A

arginine

taurine

46
Q

A decrease in taurine can cause

A

vision changes and infertility

47
Q

Cats require this EFA because they can’t synthesize it from linoleic acid

A

arachidonic acid

48
Q

Cats require these 3 vitamins

A

B3,B6, and A

49
Q

This feeding method is recommended for the gestation period for cats

A

Free choice

50
Q

Cats gain weight in a _________fashion during gestation

A

linear

51
Q

Kittens weigh between ________g at birth and should gain _____g/wk

A

85-120

90-100

52
Q

Kitten feeding should take place __ times a day

A

4

53
Q

Slurry should be provided to kittens

A

2-3 times daily

54
Q

Kittens should be weaned by __________ but no sooner than ___________

A

8-10 weeks

6 weeks

55
Q

Kittens should be fed _________ during growth periods

A

free choice

56
Q

Kitten food should be fed until the kitten reaches

A

10 months of age

57
Q

Cats are _________ by nature so they should be fed throughout the day or divided into frequent meals

A

nibblers

58
Q

What is important to avoid finicky problems/behavioral eating problems?

A

Consistency

59
Q

Cats enter their senior years at

A

6 years

Clin Med II - Nutrition (5 decks)

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