Nutritional Overview Flashcards
a set of values for the dietary nutrient intakes of heathy people in the US and Canada
DRI- dietary reference intakes
The average daily amt of a nutrient that will maintain a specific biochemical or physiological function in half the heathy people of a given age and gender group.
EAR- estimated average requirement
all nutients with an RDA have an EAR
The average daily amt of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of a practically all heathy people, a goal for dietary intake by individuals
RDA- recommended dietary allowance
The average daily amt of a nutrient that appears sufficient to maintain a specified criterion, a value used as a guide for nutrient intake when an RDA cannot be determined
AI- adequate intake
What falls under the RDA?
carbohydrates, protein
vitamins- thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E
minerals- phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, molybdenum
What falls under the AI?
water, total fiber, total fat, linoleic acid, linolenic acid
vitamins- biotin, panthothenic acid, choline, vitamin D, vitamin K
minerals- sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, manganese, fluoride, chromium
The maximum daily amt of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse health effects.
UR= tolerable upper intake level
What has a tolerate upper intake level?
vitamins- niacin, vitamin B6, folate, choline, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E
minerals- sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magneisum, iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, fluoride, molybdenum, boron, nickel, vanadium
Function of vitamins?
They do not provide energy themselves, but participate in release of energy by assisting the enzymes that participate in the release of energery
What vitamins are coenzymes?
B vitamins- they help body use macronutrients for fuel
What helps cells to multiply?
a. folate
b. B12
c. B6
d. a and b
e. b and c
d- folate and B12
B6 assists enzymes that metabolize amino acids
The symptoms of B vitamin deficiencies directly reflect the disturbances of _____ caused by a lack of _____.
metabolism, coenzymes
Which Beriberi affects the nervous system and is characterized by muscle weakness in the arms and legs?
dry
Wet Beriberi affects the cardiovascular system and is characterized by dilated blood vessels which cause the heart to work harder and the kidneys to retains alt and water resulting in edema
What causes mental confusion, ataxia, and opthalmoplegia as a result of thiamin not being able to be absorbed (typically caused by too much alcohol)
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS)
