Nutritional Needs Of Different Group Flashcards
What is a food allergy?
The body Having an allergic reaction to a food or an ingredient in a food.
What is an allergen?
The substance in the food that causes the reaction
What does the body produce to counteract an allergic reaction?
Histamine
What is an anaphylactic shock?
A very sudden, very serious reaction that causes swelling in throat, which then can lead to death
What is lactose intolerance?
The inability to digest the sugar in milk (lactose) due to a shortage of the enzyme lactase.
Health implications for people with lactose intolerance (what this must they make sure alternatives have)
Alternative sources must include;
Calcium
Vit B2 & B12
Phosphorous
Vit D
Magnésium
What is coeliac disease?
An autoimmune response to gluten (found in wheat, barley and rye). When gluten is eaten the villi in the small intestine is damaged reducing its surface area for nutrient absorption.
How would you make a product suitable for coeliacs?
Use gluten free alternatives
Eat foods naturally gluten free
Check label for hidden gluten
What are the 8 tips to a healthy balanced diet?
- Base your meals on starchy foods
- Eat lots of fruit and vegetables
- Eat more fish
- Cut down on saturated fats and sugar
- Eat less salt
- Get active and try to be a healthy weight
- Don’t get thirsty
- Don’t skip breakfast
How can you stay heathy when buying food?
- read and understand food labels
- look at traffic lights
- have a list to avoid impulse buys
- don’t shop when you are hungry
How can you stay healthy when preparing food?
- reduce fat/sugar/salt
- use alternative flavouring like herbs
- use low fat spreads
- add extra fruit and vegetables
- wholemeal carbs
How can you stay healthy when cooking food?
- change cooking method (dry fry, grill, bake, roast)
- disguise ingredients
- don’t add extra oil
- don’t add extra salt
What do babies eat for the first 6 months?
Breastfed without addition of food
What does the baby have after the first 6 months?
For up to 2 years old
- breastfed with the addition on food
What is weaning?
Weaning is the process of introducing to solid foods after just having ben on milk.
(Usually done after 6 moths)
How many stages of there in the weaning process?
Three stages
- introducing foods
- more textures
- eating family food
How many calories should a 1-3 year old be eating?
1000-12000 calories
What nutrient do babies mostly need?
Calcium - for strong bones and teeth
Protein- repair cells and form new cells
What foods should babies avoid?
Salt, sugar, honey, whole nuts
Approximately how many calories should a girl and boy have (adolescents)?
Gird- 2,400 kcals
Boy- 2,900 kcals
What nutrients are needed more for teenagers?
Increased- calcium, vitamin D
Girls also require more iron due to menstruation.
What should the diet of an adolescent look like?
High in fruit and veg- to provide vitamins and minerals
Complex carbohydrates - for slow release of energy
Protein foods- for growth and repaire of cells
Milk/dairy - strong bones and teeth
What are the amount of calories for a man and a woman (adults)?
Men- 2500 kcals
Women - 2,000 kcals
(Less than teenagers as they aren’t growing)
What effects an adults recommended calorie intake?
Their jobs / pal
If they have office jobs it would be lower
If they have active jobs it would be higher
