Food Processing And Production Flashcards
What is AFD
Accelerated freeze drying
Define antioxidants
Substances that stop foods from going rancid
What does blast chilling mean
Cooling foods to below 3oC within 90 mins
Define bulk sweeteners
Similar to sugar in sweetness levels
Give an example of a chemical raising agent
Baking powder
Describe the process of cook chill (6 points)
1) food is cooked to at least 70oC
2) then portioned
3) chilled within 30 mins of cooking
4) chilled to below 3oC within 90 mins
5) stored in fridge for up to 5 days
6) reheated to above 70 oC
How is condensed milk made?
Milk is evaporated and sweetened
What are curds
The creamy solids produced in cheese making
Describe cryogenic freezing
Liquid nitrogen is sprayed onto foods
What are the three parts of wheat
Bran, endosperm, germ
What is gristing
Mixing different types of wheat together
What is a plansifter
The machine that separates the different parts of wheat
What is extraction rate
How much of the wholegrain is used in the flour
What is flour legally fortified with in the Uk?
Iron, calcium, thiamin( B1), niacin (B3)
What are the four main ingredient in bread?
Strong flour
Yeast
Water
Salt
Describe the process of industrial bread production
- Flour, water, yeast and salt are combined to form dough
- Which is then kneaded and placed in tins
- Then they are allowed to prove
- Baked
- Cooled, sliced and packaged
What are the main ingredients in pasta? (Domestic)
00 flour
Egg
What are the main ingredients in pasta? (Industrial)
Semolina
Warm water
Optional
Egg
Flavourings
How is pasta made industrially?
- Ingredients (semolina and water) are mixed and dough is kneaded
- The dough is rolled out
- The dough is pasteurised
- Dried
- Packaged
What does homogenising do?
Mixes the cream so it is evenly distributed throughout the milk
How is milk prepared to sell
- Milk cows
- Separate the milk and cream
- Add the amount of fat back based on the type of milk
- Homogenise the milk
- Pasteurise (72oC for 15 secs)
- Cool back down
What is the fat content of the three main milks?
Whole = 3.7%
Semi-skimmed = 1.8%
Skimmed = 0.1%
What is the process of pasteurising?
Heating milk at 72oC for 15 SECS
To kill bacteria and increase shelf life