Nutritional needs of different age groups Flashcards
Young children’s diets should gradually move to a diet based of what?
Between 2 and 5 years old, children should gradually move to a diet based on the Eatwell guide
Why do children have to have smalls and frequent meals to get the energy they need ?
Young children do not have larger stomachs
How much miles do young children need a day and why ?
They need 350ml a day to give them the daily calcium they need and it is also a good source of vitamin A
Why do children need more energy and nutrients than adults ( in proportion to their body size ) ?
Children grown quickly and are very active so there is an extra demand for energy and nutrients
Why do children need protein ?
To help them grow and repair their body
What are examples of protein foods suitable for children ?
Fish finger, boiled eggs
Why do children need carbohydrates and fats ?
Starchy carbohydrates and some fats provide energy for growth and physical activity. Saturated fats should be eaten in moderation
What a good examples of carbohydrates that are suitable for children ?
Mashed potatoes and pasta
What are food examples of fats that are suitable for children ?
Peanuts and avacados
Why do children need calcium and vitamin D ?
For health teeth and bone development
What are food examples that contain calcium and are suitable for children ?
Milk, yoghurt tubes, cheese
What are food examples that contain vitamin D and are suitable for children ?
Tuna, salmon
What should teenagers diet be based of ?
The Eeatwell guide
Why do teenagers need protein ?
To cope with growth spurts. Boys tend to need more protein than girls as muscular tissue develops
What are food examples for protein and are suitable for teenagers ?
Omelettes, chicken
Why do teenagers need Iron and Vitamin C ?
Teenage girls who have periods lose iron, which needs to be replaced or they could become anaemic. Vitamin C helps absorb the iron
What are food examples for iron that are suitable for teenagers ?
Spinach and beef
What are food examples for Vitamin C that are suitable for teenagers ?
Peppers, strawberries
Why do teenagers need calcium and vitamin D ?
The skeleton grow quickly during this time.
These nutrients are necessary as they help the skeleton reach reach peak size and bone density
What food examples for calcium are suitable for teenager ?
Milk, yoghurt, kale,
tofu
What food examples are there for vitamin D that are suitable for teenagers ?
Tuna, salmon, mackerel
Why do adults nutritional needs vary as much ?
Because adults stop growing so adults should
focus on maintaining a healthy
life style - they are encourage to follow the Eatwell Guide to keep the body disease-free.
Why do Men require more calories than women ?
Because they have more lean muscle (muscles require lots of energy to function properly) and are generally taller and larger
Why are calcium and Vitamin D important to adults ?
- To reduce the chance of bone diseases in later life
-Women can quickly lose bone strength after the menopause in their 40s or 50s too, so these nutrients are needed to keep the skeleton strong
How should pregnant women adapt their diet to help the baby ?
- Eat 200
more calories per day towards the end of pregnancy to support the baby’s growth. Being careful as it can cause excessive weight gain - Consume more folic acid - it helps to reduce the risk of birth defects such as spinal bifida
What do elderly adults need to cut down on their diet and why ?
The elderly need to take great care with they energy intake - cutting down on excess saturated fats will
help to avoid health risks like coronary heart disease.
They have to do this because as we age, our muscles decrease and it becomes more difficult to do physical exercise, meaning less energy expenditure
Why might the elderly have to adapt recipes and meals ?
The senses of taste and smell can change which can affect the enjoyment of food. So by adapting them you can make them appealing and interesting again
Why do the elderly need Calcium and Vitamin D important?
To help stop bones becoming weak and brittle and reduce the risk of developing bone diseases
What food are examples of calcium and suitable for the elderly ?
Milk, yoghurt, kale, sardines
What foods are examples of vitamin D and suitable for the elderly ?
Tuna, salmon, mackerel
Why do the elderly need vitamin B12 ?
To keep the brain healthy and prevent memory loss
What foods are examples of vitamin B12 and are suitable for the elderly ?
Milk, fish, beef
Why do the elderly need fibre ?
To help prevent constipation as the digestive system begins to weaken
What food are examples of fibre and suitable for the elderly ?
Lentils, wholemeal bread
Why do the elderly need vitamin A ?
To help maintain good eyesight
What are food examples of vitamins A and suitable for the elderly ?
Liver, scrambled eggs
Why might the elderly need vitamin supplements?
Less active elderly adults may not get enough vitamin D from sunlight. So may benefit from vitamin D tablets
