Nutritional Conditions Flashcards
What is the most common Mal-nutrition?
protein-calorie malnutrition is the most common form of undernutrition
what are clinical manifestations of malnutrition?
- mild to emaciation and death
- dry and scaly skin, brittle nails, rashes, hair loss
basically weak and dry like you will have non vibrational vibes
what is enteral nutrition?
nutrition delivered through the GI tract distal to the oral cavity via a tube, catheter or stoma
nutritionally balanced liquefied food or formula. IMPORTANT: Patient GI is functionally but unable to take any or enough oral nourishment. Can be given intermittently or continually
what are the 3 types of enteral nutrition?
1) polyurethane or silicone feeding tubes
ONLY GIVEN TO UNCONSCIOUS PT
- placed in small intestine to decrease regurgitation of contents into the esophagus
- occludes easily from medications
-cannot check gastric residual volumes
2) standard decompression NG tubes
watch YouTube video
discuss gastronomy tubes
used for pts who require enteral nutrition for > 4-6 weeks
placed surgically, endoscopically
discuss jejunostomy tubes
the pro to using jejunostomy tubes over gastrostomy tubes is because it reduces the risk for aspiration
what’s parenteral nutrition?
administration of nutrients by a route other than the GI tracts (ex: bloodstream)
when is parenteral nutrition used?
used when the GI tract cannot be used for any essential nutrients
what composition of mixtures are used for parenteral nutrition?
3-in-1 mixtures commonly used
1) LIPIDS
2) DEXTROSE
3) AMINO ACIDS
What are the 2 methods of administration for parenteral nutrition?
1) centreal
- long term support
- administered through central venous catheter or peripherally interred central catheter
2) peripheral
- really hard on veins
- short term support
- requires a large vein
what are 3 complications of parenteral nutrition?
1) infection
2) metabolic
3) catheter-related problems
- air embolus, pneumothorax etc…
