Nutrition Test Flashcards
What are nutrients?
Substances the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair tissues and obtain energy
Name the six classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, water
Which nutrients are used by the body as a source of energy?
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins
What is metabolism?
the chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy.
What is a calorie?
The amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is measured in units.
Name the two types of carbohydrates?
Simple and complex carbohydrates
Which type of carbohydrate is also known as sugar?
Simple Carbohydrates
What type of sugar is the most important?
Glucose
Starches are the main type of which carbohydrate?
Complex carbohydrate
What does a high fiber diet do for you?
Helps prevent constipation, May reduce the risk of colon cancer, May help prevent heart disease,
Besides supplying your body with energy, What else does fat do?
It forms your cells, maintains body temperature and protects your nerves
Name the two types of fats and the differences between them.
Unsaturated fats and saturated fats
What is the recommended daily intake of fat from calories and what type of fat is recommended?
20 to 35 percent
What happens if your cholesterol is too high?
When that level gets too high of cholesterol circulating in the blood deposits called plaque form on the walls of blood vessels. Heavy plaque buildup may block blood flow to the heart, which deprives the heart of oxygen and leads to a heart attack. Carotid artery surgery may be indicated
What are trans fats?
Made when manufacturers add hydrogen to the fat molecules in vegetable oils
What is the most important role of protein?
Their role in the growth and repair of your body’s tissues.
Proteins are made up of amino acids, how many different amino acids do we have? How many amino acids can’t be made by the body? What are they called?
We have 20 different amino acids. 9 cant be made, and they are called essential amino acids.
There are two types of proteins, complete and incomplete, What is the difference between them.
Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in the proportions your body needs. Incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids
What are the two classes of vitamins and the differences in them?
Fat- soluble vitamins, which dissolve in fatty materials
Water- soluble vitamins, which dissolve in water
What are antioxidants and what two are the most important?
They are vitamins that protect healthy cells from the damage that is caused by the normal aging process as well as from certain types of cancer.
vitamins C and E.
Which vitamins are fat soluble?
A, D, E, and K
Which vitamins are water soluble?
C and B
What is the function of vitamin K, E and B?
Aids in blood clotting, Aids in maintenance of red blood cells vitamin A, and fats, Maintain bones and teeth; helps in the use of calcium and phosphorus
What is the function of vitamin B12, C and Folate?
Maintains healthy nervous system and red blood cells, Aids in bone, teeth and skin formation, resistance to infection, iron uptake, Aids in formation of red blood cells and protein
