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Extra Stage 2 > Nutrition SBA > Flashcards

Nutrition SBA Flashcards

1
Q

Sugar alcohols?

A

sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol

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2
Q

What is malic acid found in?

A

apple juice

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3
Q

what is acetic acid found in?

A

vinegar

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4
Q

what is carbonic acids found in?

A

fizzy drinks

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5
Q

What is oxalic acid found in?

A

rhubarb

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6
Q

what is tartaric acid found in?

A

wine

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7
Q

Fat which reduces caries

A

omega 3 (this was in the cheat sheet answers - could not find anything in the lectures re fat and caries reduction) omega 3 fatty acids have been implicated in periodontal disease

Olive oil or
Caries increment was lower in cod liver oil group

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8
Q

Nikiforuk and Frazer linked hypoplasia

A

may be vitamin D/A (enamel hypoplasia) but not linked to anything in the lectures

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9
Q

May mellanby

A

vitamin D - reared dogs on low vitamin D diets and observed war time diets (where vitamin D was added to margarine) and also gave supplements to children in Leeds

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10
Q

Which is an essential fatty acid -

A

alpha linolenic acid and linolenic acid

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11
Q

Which fat is highest in lean fillet steak

A

MUFA

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12
Q

What happens to the IP of saliva when phosphate is added?

A

Addition of a common ion pushes the equilibrium to the left encouraging precipitation of the solid

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13
Q

How is fluoride incorporated into HAP

A

ion exchange with -OH

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14
Q

What ion enhances protein release from a secretory granule

A
  • Ca
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15
Q

What salivary element is a potent inhibitor of Candida

A

histatins

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16
Q

What is acesulfame potassium?

A

calorie free sugar substitute (intense)

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17
Q

What are the DRVs of total sugars/NME/fibre?

A 
Saturated fat <11%
Trans fatty acids - <2%
Total fat - <35%
Protein - 12-15%
Carbohydrate - 50%
Fibre - 30g/day
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18
Q

What micronutrient causes angular stomatous?

A

B2

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19
Q

Sweeteners:

Which sweetener is also an alcohol

A

sorbitol, xylitol

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20
Q

Which cannot be tolerated in HFI

A

they have low caries, low intake of sucrose and fructose, normal or higher intake of starch

21
Q

Phenylketonuria

A

phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme is non functional. The amino acid phenylalanine cannot be metabolised to amino acid tyrosine. Aspartamine intolerate as it contains phenylalanine.

22
Q

What milk you give to what age:

A

<12 months - breast or formula
12m-2y - cows milk (full fat)
2-5 - semi skimmed if overweight
5+ - skimmed

23
Q

Which substance doesn’t contain free sugars?

A

Agave nector

24
Q

Not suitable for vegans

A

honey

25
Q

Sweetens sugar-sweetened beverages?

A

High fructose corn syrup

26
Q

Used in sugar free products

A

stevia

27
Q

milk suitable for 1-5 year olds?

A

Full fat cow milk

28
Q

Lactose-intolerant babies

A

Hypoallergenic formula

29
Q

Aged 3 and over 99th body weight percentile?

A

semi skimmed

30
Q

9 months?

A

breast milk

31
Q

2-year old vegan?

A

Soya formula

32
Q

Which fat reduces caries in children?

A

cs answer omega 3

Olive oil
Caries increment was lower in cod liver oil group (vitD in) - if this is answer see

33
Q

What are DRV’s of total CHO =

A

55-75% of energy intake

34
Q

NME?

A

<10% total energy intake, about 60g per day.

35
Q

Fibre?

A

About 25g per day based on a 200calorie diet. 400g of fruit and veg per day.

36
Q

What micronutrient causes angular stomatous?

A

What micronutrient causes angular stomatous?

37
Q

Which oil has been proven to reduce caries?

A

I think it is olive oil?

google says Coconut oil

38
Q

2019 cs starts here

You want to replace a sweetener in a beverage with one which is less cariogenic, what sweetener is most likely to already be present?

A

Sucralose

39
Q

Which option is suitable for lactose intolerant babies?

A

Hypoallergenic infant formula

40
Q

. What option is suitable for a 2-year-old vegan child?

A

Soya formula

41
Q

What option is suitable for a 3-year-old with a BMI in the 99th percentile?

A

Semi- skimmed cows milk

42
Q

What option is most suitable for a 9-month-old child?

A

Breast milk

43
Q

What sweetener cannot be used in PKU?

A

Aspartame (intense sweetener)

44
Q
  1. What sweetener cannot be used in HFI?
A

Sucralose

45
Q

What is the type of fat present in extra lean fillet steak?

A

MUFAs

46
Q

What is the type of fat responsible for decreasing caries incidence in children?

A

Omega 3 (think)

47
Q

What is the type of fat essential for daily life

A

Lineolic

48
Q

What type of fat is responsible for decreased periodontitis in adults?

A

Omega 3→ DHA

Extra Stage 2 (14 decks)

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