Nutrition SBA Flashcards
Sugar alcohols?
sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol
What is malic acid found in?
apple juice
what is acetic acid found in?
vinegar
what is carbonic acids found in?
fizzy drinks
What is oxalic acid found in?
rhubarb
what is tartaric acid found in?
wine
Fat which reduces caries
omega 3 (this was in the cheat sheet answers - could not find anything in the lectures re fat and caries reduction) omega 3 fatty acids have been implicated in periodontal disease
Olive oil or
Caries increment was lower in cod liver oil group
Nikiforuk and Frazer linked hypoplasia
may be vitamin D/A (enamel hypoplasia) but not linked to anything in the lectures
May mellanby
vitamin D - reared dogs on low vitamin D diets and observed war time diets (where vitamin D was added to margarine) and also gave supplements to children in Leeds
Which is an essential fatty acid -
alpha linolenic acid and linolenic acid
Which fat is highest in lean fillet steak
MUFA
What happens to the IP of saliva when phosphate is added?
Addition of a common ion pushes the equilibrium to the left encouraging precipitation of the solid
How is fluoride incorporated into HAP
ion exchange with -OH
What ion enhances protein release from a secretory granule
- Ca
What salivary element is a potent inhibitor of Candida
histatins
What is acesulfame potassium?
calorie free sugar substitute (intense)
What are the DRVs of total sugars/NME/fibre?
Saturated fat <11% Trans fatty acids - <2% Total fat - <35% Protein - 12-15% Carbohydrate - 50% Fibre - 30g/day
What micronutrient causes angular stomatous?
B2
Sweeteners:
Which sweetener is also an alcohol
sorbitol, xylitol
Which cannot be tolerated in HFI
they have low caries, low intake of sucrose and fructose, normal or higher intake of starch
Phenylketonuria
phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme is non functional. The amino acid phenylalanine cannot be metabolised to amino acid tyrosine. Aspartamine intolerate as it contains phenylalanine.
What milk you give to what age:
<12 months - breast or formula
12m-2y - cows milk (full fat)
2-5 - semi skimmed if overweight
5+ - skimmed
Which substance doesn’t contain free sugars?
Agave nector
Not suitable for vegans
honey
