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Emma's NPLEX II Other Modalities > Nutrition Macronutrients Video FC > Flashcards

Nutrition Macronutrients Video FC Flashcards

1
Q

What is the best food source for Omega 3 fatty acids?

A

Fish! Paleo diet

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2
Q

What can a deficiency of Omega 3 FAs cause?

A

Dermatologic and Cardiovascular issues

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3
Q

What can a toxicity of Omega-3 FAs cause? From what kind specifically?

A

Vitamin A toxicity d/t Cod Liver oil

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4
Q

What are some indications for Omega 3 FA supplementation? (6)

A 
Atherosclerosis (CAD)
HLD
Immune health function
Mental health issues
DM
Decrease inflammation (anti-inflammatory)
MANY MANY MORE
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5
Q

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for CVD?

A

1 g combined DPA/DHA

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6
Q

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for Mental Health?

A

2-3 g (3 EPA : 1 DHA ratio)

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7
Q

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for Dermatologic conditions (i.e. eczema, atopic dermatitis)?

A

4-6 g (EPA > DHA ratio)

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8
Q

When is it better to have a higher ratio of DHA to EPA when it comes to omega-3 FAs?

A

Brain stuff - infants, pregnancy, post-concussion, TBI

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9
Q

What is the main supplemental form of Omega-6 FAs?

A

GLA

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10
Q

When are Omega-6 FAs indicated?

A

Allergies, RA, Asthma, Hormonal issues

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11
Q

What are some food sources of GLA?

A

Veggies
Borage
Evening Primrose oil

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12
Q

If the pt has eczema, what is the best form of FA to prescribe?

What if the pt is complaining of itching d/t eczema?

A

Omega 3s d/t anti-inflammatory effects

Omega-6 (GLA) for itching specifically

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13
Q

What is the MC source of Omega-9 FAs? What food sources is it found in?

A

Oleic acid

Olive oil, peanuts, avocados, almonds

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14
Q

What are indications for Omega-9 FAs?

A

to DEC BP
Atherosclerosis
DEC cholesterol

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15
Q

How would you rank the FA in order of best to worst to supplement?

A

3s, 9s, 6s, Saturated, Trans

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16
Q

What is the RDA for saturated FAs? And what foods are they found in?

A

20 g/day

Animal products

17
Q

What are some toxicity concerns for sat. FAs?

A

INC CVD

Colon CA

18
Q

Where are trans FAs found in food?

A

Hydrogenated oils

Processed foods

19
Q

What can trans FAs cause?

A

Atherosclerosis

20
Q

What toxicity concern is there for a diet high in simple carbohydrates?

A

DM, PMS issues, decreased immune function, dental issues

21
Q

What are some indications for simple carbs?

A

Topical honey on wounds

Dextrose IV fluids to stabilize

22
Q

What is the RDA for complex carbs? And food sources?

A

300 g (60-70% of total cals)

Fruits, veggies, grains

23
Q

What are some indications for complex carbs?

A

Blood sugar regulation

Hypoglycemia

24
Q

What are some toxicity issues for complex carbs?

A

CVD, obesity

25
Q

How does water-soluble vs. water-insoluble fiber act on the body?

A

Water soluble: absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance

Water insoluble: does not absorb water and makes stool easier to pass

26
Q

What are indications for water soluble fiber?

A

CVD, DM, IBS, GI issues

27
Q

What are food sources for water soluble fiber?

A

oatmeal, nuts, beans, apples

28
Q

What are indications for water insoluble fiber?

A

weight loss, GI/digestive issues

29
Q

What are food sources for water insoluble fiber?

A

seeds, whole wheat bread, brown rice, fruit skins

30
Q

What is the RDA for protein?

A

50 g or 0.8/kg/day

31
Q

What are the essential proteins and what is the mnemonic to remember them?

A

PVT TIM HALL (Private Tim Hall)
Phenylalanine
Valine
Threonine

Tryptophan
Isoleucine
Methionine

Histidine
Arginine
Leucine
Lysine

Pros don’t get Tyred
(not Proline and Tyrosine)

32
Q

What are the 2 types of protein deficiency and do you tell them apart?

A

Prot. Def ALONE = Kwashiorkor
Sx: hypoalbuminemia, edema, hepatosplenomegaly

Prot. and Cal Def COMBINED = Marasmus
Sx: hunger, diarrhea, muscle and fat wasting

33
Q

What are some risks of too much protein in the diet (or conditions that may lead you towards a low protein diet)?

A 
INC risk of CVD
Kidney issues (renal disease, kidney failure)
Gout flares
Urolithiasis (promotes stone formation)
Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis
34
Q

What are some reasons to have increased protein in the diet?

A

Pregnancy

Pre-eclampsia

Emma's NPLEX II Other Modalities (9 decks)

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