Nutrition Macronutrients Video FC

Question 1

What is the best food source for Omega 3 fatty acids?

Answer 1

Fish! Paleo diet

Question 2

What can a deficiency of Omega 3 FAs cause?

Answer 2

Dermatologic and Cardiovascular issues

Question 3

What can a toxicity of Omega-3 FAs cause? From what kind specifically?

Answer 3

Vitamin A toxicity d/t Cod Liver oil

Question 4

What are some indications for Omega 3 FA supplementation? (6)

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis (CAD)
HLD
Immune health function
Mental health issues
DM
Decrease inflammation (anti-inflammatory)
MANY MANY MORE

Question 5

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for CVD?

Answer 5

1 g combined DPA/DHA

Question 6

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for Mental Health?

Answer 6

2-3 g (3 EPA : 1 DHA ratio)

Question 7

What is the recommended Omega 3 FA dose for Dermatologic conditions (i.e. eczema, atopic dermatitis)?

Answer 7

4-6 g (EPA > DHA ratio)

Question 8

When is it better to have a higher ratio of DHA to EPA when it comes to omega-3 FAs?

Answer 8

Brain stuff - infants, pregnancy, post-concussion, TBI

Question 9

What is the main supplemental form of Omega-6 FAs?

Answer 9

GLA

Question 10

When are Omega-6 FAs indicated?

Answer 10

Allergies, RA, Asthma, Hormonal issues

Question 11

What are some food sources of GLA?

Answer 11

Veggies
Borage
Evening Primrose oil

Question 12

If the pt has eczema, what is the best form of FA to prescribe?

What if the pt is complaining of itching d/t eczema?

Answer 12

Omega 3s d/t anti-inflammatory effects

Omega-6 (GLA) for itching specifically

Question 13

What is the MC source of Omega-9 FAs? What food sources is it found in?

Answer 13

Oleic acid

Olive oil, peanuts, avocados, almonds

Question 14

What are indications for Omega-9 FAs?

Answer 14

to DEC BP
Atherosclerosis
DEC cholesterol

Question 15

How would you rank the FA in order of best to worst to supplement?

Answer 15

3s, 9s, 6s, Saturated, Trans

Question 16

What is the RDA for saturated FAs? And what foods are they found in?

Answer 16

20 g/day

Animal products

Question 17

What are some toxicity concerns for sat. FAs?

Answer 17

INC CVD

Colon CA

Question 18

Where are trans FAs found in food?

Answer 18

Hydrogenated oils

Processed foods

Question 19

What can trans FAs cause?

Answer 19

Atherosclerosis

Question 20

What toxicity concern is there for a diet high in simple carbohydrates?

Answer 20

DM, PMS issues, decreased immune function, dental issues

Question 21

What are some indications for simple carbs?

Answer 21

Topical honey on wounds

Dextrose IV fluids to stabilize

Question 22

What is the RDA for complex carbs? And food sources?

Answer 22

300 g (60-70% of total cals)

Fruits, veggies, grains

Question 23

What are some indications for complex carbs?

Answer 23

Blood sugar regulation

Hypoglycemia

Question 24

What are some toxicity issues for complex carbs?

Answer 24

CVD, obesity

Question 25

How does water-soluble vs. water-insoluble fiber act on the body?

Answer 25

Water soluble: absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance | Water insoluble: does not absorb water and makes stool easier to pass

Question 26

What are indications for water soluble fiber?

Answer 26

CVD, DM, IBS, GI issues

Question 27

What are food sources for water soluble fiber?

Answer 27

oatmeal, nuts, beans, apples

Question 28

What are indications for water insoluble fiber?

Answer 28

weight loss, GI/digestive issues

Question 29

What are food sources for water insoluble fiber?

Answer 29

seeds, whole wheat bread, brown rice, fruit skins

Question 30

What is the RDA for protein?

Answer 30

50 g or 0.8/kg/day

Question 31

What are the essential proteins and what is the mnemonic to remember them?

Answer 31

PVT TIM HALL (Private Tim Hall) Phenylalanine Valine Threonine Tryptophan Isoleucine Methionine Histidine Arginine Leucine Lysine Pros don't get Tyred (not Proline and Tyrosine)

Question 32

What are the 2 types of protein deficiency and do you tell them apart?

Answer 32

Prot. Def ALONE = Kwashiorkor Sx: hypoalbuminemia, edema, hepatosplenomegaly Prot. and Cal Def COMBINED = Marasmus Sx: hunger, diarrhea, muscle and fat wasting

Question 33

What are some risks of too much protein in the diet (or conditions that may lead you towards a low protein diet)?

Answer 33

``` INC risk of CVD Kidney issues (renal disease, kidney failure) Gout flares Urolithiasis (promotes stone formation) Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis ```

Question 34

What are some reasons to have increased protein in the diet?

Answer 34

Pregnancy | Pre-eclampsia