nutrition in reproduction

Question 1

how much folic acid is recommended pre-conception and during 1st trimester?

Answer 1

• 400mcg
  > 5mg in obese women, diabetic patients, hx of baby w NTD or FH, on anti-epileptics

Question 2

what does folate play a crucial role in?

Answer 2

• many metabolic reactions e.g. biosynthesis of DNA and RNA, and amino acid metabolism

Question 3

what else can be given to pregnant women and can be continued into breast feeding?

Answer 3

• vit D
  10mcg

Question 4

1st trimester how many kcal/day should you increase your diet?

Answer 4

• 70kcal/day

Question 5

2nd and 3rd trimester how many kcal/day should you increase your diet?

Answer 5

• 260-500kcal/day
  > 500kcal/day during first 6 months of breastfeeding

Question 6

how much protein is recommended in first trimester of gestation?

Answer 6

increase 1g/day first trimester
> 8g/day 2nd
> 26g/day 3rd

Question 7

recommend how many servings of fish per week during pregnancy?

Answer 7

• 2-3 servings

Question 8

what is vit D involved in?

Answer 8

• regulate of cytokine metabolism
• modulation of immune system
  -> therefore contributing to embryo implantation and regulating secretion of several hormones

Question 9

foods to avoid in pregnancy?

Answer 9

• soft cheese
• undercooked meat, cured meats, game
• tuna
• raw/partially cooked eggs
• pate
• liver
• vitamin and fish oil supplements