Nutrition in Health & Disease Flashcards
What is the basal metabolic rate?
Minimum amount of energy you need to maintain life
Definition of malnutrition
As state of nutrition in which a deficiency or excess (or imbalance) of energy, protein, and other nutrients, causes measurable adverse effects on tissue / body form, (body size, shape, composition) body function and clinical outcome.
commonest micronurtient deficincy
iron (anaemia)
How do you calculate BMI
weight/height2
overweight vs obese bmi
Overweight is over 25, obese is over 30
Some consequences of obesiy
Cancers (breast and bowel),
Metabolic - hypertension, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, diabetes, cirrhosis
BMI for underweight
Under 20
BMI under 18 leads to what
Physical functional issues
BMI under 16 leads o what?
More and more severe consequences
What is MUST
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool. Used in Scotland to screen for mal/under nutrition
Scoring : MUST
BMI
18.5-20 = 1
below 18.5 = 2
Unintentional weight loss in last 3-6 months
5-10% = 1
10%+ = 2
Not eaten in past 5 days=2
Score of over2 results in a score of what? (MUST)
Score above 2 means risk of malnutrition.
1 = supplements and watch,
0= monitor
More likely to be malnourished in hosp if…. (3)
Older
GI ward/GI issues
Elderly ward
what is a food desert?
When might not have easy access to being able to get groceries/may be too expensive etc, eg a granny in a rural village and can’t drive
Some of the consequences of the malnoutrition
- Impaired immune response
- Reduced muscle strength
- Impaired wound healing
- Impaired psycho-social function
- Impaired recovery from illness and surgery
- Poorer clinical outcomes
