Gastrointerstinal radiology Flashcards
What type of tissue are MRI scans good for looking at?
Soft tissue
What is computed tomography good for looking at?
Soft tissue organs, but aso uses a high dose of ionising radioation
What is achalasia and how can this fill the lungs?
Its when the gastro-oesophageal junction isn’t working correctly (failure to relax the distal oesophageal sphincter), and so the oesophagus ends up with lots of food inside it and the stomach doesn’t end up with much food inside it at all. Because the oesophagus ends up with so much food inside it, some of this (especially at night time when ling down) can be aspirated and lead to aspiration pneumonia.
gas under the diahragm means what?
something that had gas in in the abdominal cavity has burst
What are the likekly causes for a nasogastric tube going into the lung and not the stomach
lack of a gag reflex, could be due to a previous stroke
hasutra vs valvulae conniventes
haustra = non continuous, found in colon.
Valvulae conniventes = continuous rings around the small bowel
Contrast agent ususally used
Barium swallow
small bowel chrons’ disease appearance on contrast radiography
“Cobbled stone appearance”
What is ERCP
endoscope shoots in and pops contrast up (eg common bile duct) and contrast images are taken. If abnormality, can then resect/do biopsy.
What is PCT
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography - wire into liver, insert contr\st into bile ducts etc. If stenting required, can use wire.
Gall stones are detected how?
Ultrasound
What about internal endoscopic ultrasound
Can give details about the surrounding tissues in a tube eg if a local tumour has invaded the IVC
What does a contrast enhanced ultrasound show
Vascular structures better, so easier to see any bnormalities just beyond the vessel wall.
What happens in a CT colonogrphy
Colon pumped with gas so distended and clear to see. CT taken
PET substance used
FDG18 - F18 is the radioactive substance taken up and then emmitted by high glucose areas
