Nutrition in health and disease Flashcards
what is used to measure our basal metabolic demand/rate?
direct calorimetry
schofield or harris benedict, henry equation
what are the BMI figures for overweight and obese?
overweight BMI >25
obese BMI >30
what is the BMI which will cause physical impairment?
BMI <18
what is the BMI that there’ll be increasing severe consequences?
BMI <16
What is the BMI which indicates someone is underweight?
BMI <20
a decrease in what percentage of body weight unintentionally becomes associated with increased morbidity?
10%
how doe we screen for nutrition?
malnutrition universal screening tool MUST
How is MUST carried out?
stage 1 - BMI <20 scores 1, <18 scores 2
stage 2 - lost weight unintentionally in last 3-6 months? 10% score 2 , 5% score 1
stage 3 - has patient eaten in last 5 days? yes score 2
what does a score of 3 in MUST mean?
risk of malnutrition
what does a score of 1 in the MUST mean?
they require supplements and watching
what are the clinical consequences of malnutrition?
impaired immune response reduced muscle strength impaired wound healing impaired psycho-social function impaired recovery from illness and surgery poor clinical outcomes
malnutrition in people is associated with what?
age illness social isolation socially vulnerable patients food deserts
what are the 3 main causes of malnutrition?
access failure, appetite failure, intestinal failure
how is access failure tackled in patients who are malnourished and need feeding?
enteral tube feeding (ETF)
- Nasogastric tube
- Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)
what is the provision of all nutrition IV called?
total parenteral nutrition
