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Nutrition final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Define Stage 1 dental disease.

A

Inflammation of the gums

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2
Q

Define Stage 2 dental disease.

A

25% or less of tooth’s supporting structure is lost

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3
Q

Define Stage 3 dental disease

A

25% - 50% of the tooth’s supporting structure is lost

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4
Q

Define Stage 4 dental disease

A

Greater than 50% of tooth’s attachments are lost

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5
Q

Define Halitosis

A

Bad Breath

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6
Q

What oral condition is unique to cats?

A

Tooth resorption

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7
Q

What is Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesion (FORL)?

A

Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesion (FORL) is an oral condition that is unique to cats, causing erosion of the dentin, and eventual destruction of the tooth.

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8
Q

What oral condition is unique to cats, causing erosion of the dentin, and eventual destruction of the tooth? (wright it down, FORL)

A

Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesion (FORL)

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9
Q

What BCS should a dog have at an ideal weight? with a 1-5 and 1-9 scoring

A

3/5 and 4/9 (keep dogs lean)
or
3/5 and 5/9 are acceptable too.

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10
Q

What BCS on a 1-5 and 1-9 scale what would overweight be?

A

4/5
or
6-7/9

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11
Q

What BCS on a 1-5 and 1-9 scale is obese?

A

5/5
or
8-9/9

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12
Q

What BCS should an adult cat have at an ideal weight? (keep cats slightly chunky)
with a 1-5 and 1-9 scoring

A

3/5
or
5/9

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13
Q

6 to 8 reasons why pet owners are concerned with pet obesity?

A

1) Increase exercise intolerance
2) less able to endure hot weather
3) less able to fight off infection
4) Increased risk of skin disease
5) high blood pressure
6) increased risk for arthritis & joint disease
7) shorter life-span
8) reduced QOL

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14
Q

6 to 8 reasons why Vet professionals are concerned with pet obesity?

A

1) Difficultly with auscultation & palpation
2) Difficulty with venipuncture
3) difficult to restrain
4) unable to give accurate dosing, leading to using too much anesthetic and/or too little.
5) DVM needs to get around fat
6) Reduced lung function
7) Decreased liver function
8) Greater wound infection risk 

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15
Q

What is Stomatitis?

A

Inflammation of the mouth

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16
Q

7 symptoms of Stomatitis?

A

1) Pain in the mouth
2) Bad breath (halitosis)
3)Ulcerated mouth tissues
4) Extensive plaque
5) Excessive drooling or saliva
6) Inappetence (lack of appetite)
7) Weight loss (due to anorexia)

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17
Q

Define VOHC

A

Veterinary Oral Health Council

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18
Q

what does a VOHC seal mean?

A

means that this product has met preset standards and breaks down plaque and or tartar.

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19
Q

How do dental diets work?
(Hint: action and ingredient)

A

Dental kibble is often larger in size but is softer in texture, allowing the tooth to puncture without the kibble breaking apart, which scrapes the surfaces of the teeth.
- Mechanical action is compared to
Toothbrushing.
- Contains enzymes and nutrients to reduce plaque and tartar build-up, acting as a “mouthwash”

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20
Q

What condition is caused by a lack of digestive enzymes being produced?EPI
(SPELL IT)

A

Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI)

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21
Q

What is Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

A

condition is caused by a lack of digestive enzymes being produced

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22
Q

what is Pancreatitis?

A

overproduction of digestive enzymes

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23
Q

What condition is caused by an overproduction of digestive enzymes?

A

Pancreatitis

24
Q

True or False
Atopic Dermatitis is a hereditary pruritic skin disease

A

True

25
Q

What condition is a hereditary pruritic skin disease?

A

Atopic Dermatitis

26
Q

What is a protein chain that has been broken down into smaller, unrecognizable parts called?

A

Hydrolyzed Protein

27
Q

Define Hydrolyzed Protein

A

A protein chain that has been broken down into smaller, unrecognizable parts. (wont illicit an allergic response)

28
Q

What is a protein source the pet has never been exposed to called?

A

Novel Protein

29
Q

Define Novel Protein

A

A protein source the pet has never been exposed to

30
Q

5 ways food allergies present

A

1) Itchiness
2) GI upset
3) weight loss
4) hyperactivity
5) irritability

31
Q

True or False?
Itchiness, GI upset, weight loss, hyperactivity and irritability are signs of food allergies.

A

True

32
Q

Word for bad breath (spell it)

A

Halitosis

33
Q

How is regurgitation different from vomiting?

A
  • Regurgitation is the [passive expulsion of material] from the esophagus.
  • vomiting is the expulsion of contents in the stomach and upper small intestines, [requires active abdominal contractions]
34
Q

Define Regurgitation

A

Regurgitation is the passive expulsion of material from the mouth, pharynx, or esophagus.

35
Q

Define vomiting

A

Vomiting is defined as the forceful expulsion of contents from the stomach and the upper small intestine
– Active process that requires abdominal contractions

36
Q

The Purina lifelong study extended dog’s lives by how long?

A

1.8 or 2 years

37
Q

True or False?
in the Purina life-long study it was the control dogs who had healthier blood pressures, blood sugar levels and heart rates than the lean-fed dogs?

A

False
it was the lean-fed dogs who had healthier blood pressure, blood sugar levels and heart rates than the control dogs

38
Q

What are 4 signs of large bowel diarrhea?

A

1) Normal or reduced volume
2) Mucous and/or frank blood
3) Increased frequency
4) Tenesmus (straining)

39
Q

What are 3 signs of small bowel diarrhea?

A

1) Increased volume of feces
2) Melena (dark blood)
3) weight loss

40
Q

What are 8 common causes of diarrhea?

A

1) Parasites
2) Dietary indiscretion
3) Bacterial infection
4) viral infection
5) Obstructive
6) pancreatitis
7) intussusception
8) disease-related

41
Q

True or False?
Hematochezia is the presence of bright red blood in feces

A

True, usually at the end of the stool

42
Q

True or False
Melena is defined as the presence of very light red blood in feces.

A

False
Melena is defined as the presence of digested blood in feces – dark in color

43
Q

True or False?
Tenesmus is defined as painful straining during urination or defecation

A

True

44
Q

Define
Tenesmus

A

Defined as painful straining during urination or defecation

45
Q

Define
Melena

A

Melena is defined as the presence of digested blood in feces – dark in colour

46
Q

Define
Hematochezia

A

Hematochezia is the presence of bright red blood in feces

47
Q

What is IBD?

A

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

48
Q

True or False
Inflammatory Bowel Disease is acute?

A

False
IBD is intestinal difficulties on a chronic basis

49
Q

IBD is _____ related and some forms are genetic

A

Autoimmune related

50
Q

What is the #1 indicator of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

A

Frequent diarrhea

51
Q

Inflammatory Bowel Disease can be managed with_____
and occasional medications and probiotics

A

Diet

52
Q

True or False
The Cause of Inflammatory Bowel Disease is known?

A

False

53
Q

Why are we concerned about vomiting and diarrhea?
What patients are more at risk?

A

Water loss - dehydration.
Nutrient deficiency - malabsorption and weight loss.
Very young, very old, diseased animals(immunocompromised)

54
Q

What percent of daily intake can be from treats?

A

10%

55
Q

What is the best feeding method for the average house pet and why?

A

Meal Feeding
- Allows the owner to evaluate their pet’s appetite every day, note any changes, and prevent their pet from overeating (obesity)

exams (4 decks)

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